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Equipment

626 sourced equipment pages: vessels, tools, appliances and built structures.

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An unbranded laboratory vacuum dryer with its circular chamber door open and a perforated tray visible.
Equipment

Vacuum dryer

Vacuum dryers remove food moisture under reduced pressure, allowing evaporation at lower temperatures. Shelf, belt and drum designs handle different feeds; ordinary vacuum drying is distinct from freeze-drying.

Industrial and laboratory plant
Israel
Editorial illustration of one irregular tan-brown pitted stone, with shallow impact depressions visible across its face, on warm ivory.
Equipment

Pitted stone (nut-cracking association)

A pitted stone is a percussive artifact with one or more impact depressions. At Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov, nut cracking is a supported but not specimen-by-specimen proven interpretation; newer residue work confirms broader plant-food processing.

Mills, mortars and crushers
Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov
Historical illustration of a Raqefet boulder mortar partly set in a pit, with the cutaway showing its stone support and backfill; editorial, not an excavation photograph.
Equipment · Historical object

Raqefet stone mortars

Three Natufian stone mortars at Raqefet Cave, Mount Carmel, include two portable boulder forms and a hollow cut into the cave bedrock.

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Mills, mortars and crushers
Raqefet Cave, Mount Carmel