Ingredients

1086 articles on substrates, cultures and additives.

All additives9Brewing and wine additives7Chemical leaveners1Wrapping leaves and covers1

Additives and aids

Representative reddish-brown wine tannin powder in a ceramic dish on a warm ivory surface; the recipe product is unspecified
Processing aids

Wine tannin

Plant polyphenol preparations used in winemaking. The Concord recipe specifies one teaspoon but gives no botanical source, chemical class, manufacturer or mass.

A small shallow ceramic dish holds dry pale grey-beige bentonite powder against a warm ivory background.
Processing aids

Bentonite

A swelling mineral clay used as a processing aid in a named beer recipe's primary fermentation; it helps remove suspended haze-active material as sediment.

Milky-white paraffin wax pellets heaped in a shallow glass dish with a few scattered across a warm ivory tabletop.
Processing aids

Paraffin wax

Paraffin wax is a solid mixture of hydrocarbons that cheesemakers melt and dip cheese in to slow moisture loss and keep surface mould off. Modern cheese waxes are usually blends.

Fine white gypsum powder in an ivory bowl.
Processing aids

Gypsum

Gypsum is calcium sulfate dihydrate, a mineral salt that brewers dissolve in water for its calcium and sulfate and that tofu makers use to set soy curd.

Dry pale gelatin granules in an ivory bowl.
Processing aids

Gelatin

Gelatin is animal collagen partly broken down to dissolve in hot water and set as a gel on cooling, used for jellies and sweets and to fine beer and wine.

Loose pale beige fining tablets on an ivory saucer.
Processing aids

Whirlfloc

Whirlfloc is a tablet of processed Eucheuma red seaweed, rich in carrageenan, that brewers add to the boiling kettle so that wort proteins clump and settle out as cold break.

Golden-brown dried Irish moss brewing flakes in an ivory bowl.
Processing aids

Irish moss

Red seaweed sold as dried material or a concentrated fining, connecting carrageen desserts and coastal trade with the separation of protein material in brewing wort.

Fine dry white baking soda in a shallow ivory dish.
Processing aids

Baking soda

Baking soda is food-grade sodium bicarbonate, a single alkaline powder that releases carbon dioxide when it meets acid in a wet batter. It lifts quick breads without a living culture.

Processing aids

Yeast nutrient

Yeast nutrient is a family of winemaking and cidermaking additions that supplies nutrients for fermentation. Its composition varies; the linked cider and Concord wine recipes do not name a product.