Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

All fish and seafood11Smoked salted and dried foods11
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Recipes

An editorial depiction of smoked kooyang, with the head removed and the curved eel resting on dark slate.

Gunditjmara smoked eel

Short-finned eels, kooyang, smoked for a sustained period in the hollows of large trees at Budj Bim in south-western Victoria, a combined heat, smoke and drying method of the Gunditjmara people.

Kurtonitj, Budj Bim · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Two golden-brown Arbroath smokies on an ivory platter, one opened to show its creamy flakes.

Arbroath smokie

Arbroath smokies are whole haddock dry-salted, paired by the tail and hot-smoked in a protected coastal area. Their recorded history links Auchmithie and Arbroath, though the exact origin is unsettled.

Auchmithie · Traditional method
Fish and seafood
A whole Ngaphak fish split open and flattened, smoked golden brown on a mesh sieve.
High risk

Ngaphak

Ngaphak is fish split, flattened and roasted and smoked over an open flame on a wire net or woven bamboo mesh, as practised by fish processors around Loktak Lake in Manipur, India.

Loktak Lake, Manipur
· Fish and seafood
Small whole smoked freshwater fish arranged on a shallow woven tray.
High risk

Leirou

Leirou is fish smoked in a prepared kiln or room by processors around Loktak Lake in Manipur, India, a method the local survey keeps apart from open-flame ngaphak.

Loktak Lake, Manipur
· Fish and seafood
Amber hot-smoked salmon fillet with flaky cooked flesh on a plain ceramic platter with dill and lemon.
Elevated risk

Hot-smoked salmon

Salmon fillets salted or dry-brined, rested, then cooked and flavoured in a smoker. The method is a cooking process, and the endpoint decides its safety.


Fish and seafood
A fully dried sea cucumber (bêche-de-mer) on a plain ceramic dish; illustrative product image, not a specific historical species or community practice.

Bêche-de-mer (trepang)

Sea cucumber cleaned, boiled and dried, sometimes with smoke, into a long-keeping trade product; Makassan processing in Arnhem Land is documented from at least the eighteenth century.

Arnhem Land · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Photograph of Tinapa.
Elevated risk

Tinapa

Filipino smoked fish, most often scad, sardinella or milkfish, brined and smoked, and eaten whole or flaked into other dishes.

Philippines · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Hard smoked and dried tuna pieces with fibrous cut faces and thin shavings on an earthenware plate.
High risk

Maldive fish

Maldive fish is a hard, smoke-dried tuna product made in the Maldives and traded especially to Sri Lanka, where it is known as umbalakada. Cooks shave or pound it into a concentrated savory seasoning for sambols, curries and other dishes.

Maldives · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
A hard, dark smoke-dried Arabushi bonito block rests on a wooden board beside a few thin bonito shavings and a traditional hand-shaver.
High risk

Arabushi (smoke-dried bonito)

Japanese skipjack tuna cooked, then repeatedly smoked and dried over a wood fire by the hand-fired tebiyama method into a hard block for shaving into dashi: the first stage of katsuobushi.

Nakiri, Daio, Shima · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Dry pale katsuobushi flakes in a shallow ceramic dish beside a dark, hard honkarebushi block.
High risk

Bonito flakes (katsuobushi)

Katsuobushi is skipjack tuna cooked, smoked and dried into a hard block that is shaved into flakes for dashi and toppings. Some styles stop at the smoke-dried stage; others receive carefully managed mold maturation.

Japan · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Whole hot-smoked mackerel with a small opened section showing its cooked, flaky flesh.
High risk

Smoked mackerel

Whole mackerel brined for up to a day, then hot-smoked over beech and alder until the oily flesh takes colour and smoke, in a Czech smokehouse recipe.

Czechia · Modern method
Fish and seafood