
Viking Age butter
Cream agitated until its fat globules join into a solid mass and release buttermilk, the dairy fat a northern household could concentrate, salt and keep when milk itself would not last.
1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

Cream agitated until its fat globules join into a solid mass and release buttermilk, the dairy fat a northern household could concentrate, salt and keep when milk itself would not last.

Tchoukou, also called Tikomart, is a thin, dry Nigerien cheese made to keep seasonal milk for later use. Documented methods use animal rennet, shape drained curd into sheets and dry it.

A firm cow-milk cheese cooked in hot whey, salted and folded with optional mint. This fresh halloumi keeps its shape when grilled or pan-fried.

This Cypriot graviera is a hard sheep-milk cheese with a dry rind and round eyes. Its curd is heated, pressed and dry-salted before a long cool ripening.

Kashkaval is a firm sheep-milk cheese whose acidified curd is worked in hot brine. This large-batch method finishes with repeated dry salting, wax coating and cool ripening.

A firm, pressed halloumi-style cheese made here from raw cow milk. Raw milk can carry harmful germs; this documented method is not validated for home production.

Beyaz peynir is a Turkish white cheese matured in brine. Sheep milk, alone or mixed with other milks, gives a close-textured cheese cut into blocks and packed in cans.

A yellow stretched-curd cheese made by acidifying, draining and kneading curd in hot brine. This small-batch kashkaval uses a commercial starter and a brine finish.

Domiati is a soft Egyptian white cheese made by salting milk before renneting. It is eaten fresh or ripened in brine, with cow and buffalo milk used in varying proportions.

Pasteurized milk cultured with buttermilk or yogurt and set with rennet makes this soft, smooth Neufchâtel-style cheese, pressed into small forms and chilled.

A two-stage Altai dairy preparation: sour chegen is heated into soft aarchi, then portions are drained, pressed and traditionally smoked into firm kurut.

Tulum peyniri is a Turkish cheese traditionally packed into animal-skin bags to mature. This sheep-milk method adds a thermophilic yogurt culture before renneting, draining and dry salting.

Kefalotyri is a hard sheep-and-goat-milk cheese made in Cyprus as well as Greece. This Cypriot method cooks and presses the curd, then brines, coats and matures the cheese.