Arctic char
Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) is a circumpolar salmonid eaten fresh and preserved in northern communities. Its local forms and food traditions vary; dried or smoked fish and fermented char are distinct from the raw ingredient.
Ingredients
1086 articles on substrates, cultures and additives.
Fruit, vegetables and seaweedsFruit, vegetables, roots, alliums, seaweeds and algae.
Grains, legumes and nutsGrains, flours, malts, starches, beans, pulses, nuts, seeds and the coffee, cocoa and tea crops.
Mushrooms and fungiCultivated and wild mushrooms, truffles and other edible fungi, and lichens.
Meat and fishMeat, offal, fat, casings, fish, shellfish and insects.
Dairy and eggsMilk by animal, cream, butter, milk powders, rennets, dairy additives and eggs.
Cultures and startersYeasts, bacteria, moulds, koji, SCOBYs, grains and kept starters that begin a ferment.
Salt and mineralsCooking, named and curing salts, brines, alkalis and mineral additives.
Sugars and sweetenersRefined and unrefined sugars, honeys, syrups, molasses and malt sugars.
Herbs and spicesHerbs, seed and bark spices, peppercorns, chillies, aromatic roots, brewing botanicals and resins.
Additives and aidsFood acids, sulphites, preservatives, enzymes, leaveners, gelling agents, brewing additives and wrapping leaves.
Meat and fish
Eulachon
Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) is a small anadromous North Pacific smelt used fresh, dried, smoked and, in some communities, to make rendered grease. Ripened fish and eulachon grease are separate stages and products.
Saithe
Saithe (Pollachius virens), also called coalfish and coley, is a North Atlantic cod-family fish used fresh and in distinct preserved forms. Faroese ræstur fiskur and Shetland salted piltocks are not the same product.
Puntius fish
Puntius is a genus of small freshwater fishes cited as raw material for fermented fish in northeastern South Asia. Shidal studies name the genus broadly; studies of ngari and hentak identify Puntius sophore specifically.
Trout
Trout names several salmonid food fish, not one globally uniform ingredient. Inuit accounts from Nunavut and Norway’s Valdres rakfisk document distinct fermented preparations; neither establishes a universal process or safe limits.
Baltic herring
A small, schooling herring of the brackish Baltic Sea, sold under regional names including Finnish silakka and Swedish strömming. It is the raw fish behind several regional preparations, including Sweden’s fermented surströmming.
Salmon roe
Salmon roe is the eggs of salmon, eaten fresh, salted or dried and preserved in distinct regional ways. Nuxalk records distinguish fresh roe from aged mutsi; those accounts are historical, not safe-process instructions.
Buffalo meat
Water-buffalo meat, often called carabeef, is the flesh of Bubalus bubalis; its colour, texture and fat vary with animal, cut and production system. “Buffalo” can also mean bison or African buffalo in other contexts.
Walrus meat
Walrus meat is an Arctic subsistence food whose forms, names, and uses vary by community. Its fermented preparations require source-specific description, and fermentation or freezing cannot be assumed to control Trichinella.
Mullet
Mullet is a broad name for several coastal fishes. In the Cape West Coast bokkom tradition, the local harder is the southern mullet Chelon richardsonii, formerly Liza richardsonii; identify species and product before substituting.