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Brezel / pretzel, German-style

Brezel · Brezn · German-style pretzel

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A German-style Brezel is a yeast-raised wheat dough shaped into a loop and dipped in an alkaline bath before baking. This home version uses baking soda; the original formula uses food-grade lye.

A single glossy, deep chestnut-brown German-style Brezel with coarse salt on an ivory plate.

A loop in a boiling bath

A Brezel is a yeast-raised wheat dough twisted into a loop, then dipped in a hot alkaline bath before it bakes. The bath is what gives the pretzel its dark, glossy skin and its characteristic taste. Hamelman, adapting German bakery practice for a home kitchen, uses baking soda where a bakery would use lye.

The baking-soda bath is not the same as the lye bath; the results differ. The soda method is a practical substitute for home cooks who cannot find food-grade lye. Both methods are presented separately.

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Dough and rises

The dough is developed by mixing, then given two long rises with folds between them. The folds build strength without kneading. The final chill makes the shaped ropes firm and easier to dip without tearing.

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History is uncertain

The Goethe-Institut feature treats the story of the pretzel as myth and hearsay rather than a documented origin, and follows bakers in Germany, Switzerland and the United States who still make it. No single inventor or first date is established by these sources.

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Ingredients

Yield 10 pretzels · Scaling: source batch only

333 g
For the dough
12 g
2 teaspoons table salt
1 1/4 teaspoons
ButterSoft
28 g
1/4 teaspoon, optional
1361 g
For the alkaline bath
36 g
For the alkaline bath
Coarse salt (optional)
Amount not stated
Coarse sea, kosher or pretzel salt for the top, optional

Method

  1. Combine the dough ingredients and mix on low for about 3 minutes, then on medium for about 5 minutes until well developed.
  2. Cover and rise for 45 minutes. Give four folds, turning the bowl 90 degrees between each, then cover and rise for another 45 minutes.
  3. Divide into 10 pieces of about 100 g, shape each into a rough log, cover and rest for about 20 minutes.
  4. Roll each piece into an 18 to 22 inch rope and twist each rope into a pretzel. Place on greased or parchment-lined sheets.
  5. Cover and let rise about 30 minutes, or refrigerate at once if the kitchen is very warm. Chill for about 60 minutes until thoroughly cold.
  6. Preheat the oven to 450 F (232 C). Bring the water and baking soda to a boil in a wide pot.
  7. Boil three or four pretzels at a time for 1 minute without flipping. Return them to the sheet and slash each one horizontally across the base.
  8. Sprinkle with coarse salt if desired. Bake at 450 F for 14 to 16 minutes until well browned, then cool on a rack.
  9. Leftovers keep well wrapped for up to 3 days at room temperature, or can be frozen for longer.
  10. Lye method, from the same source: wear eye protection and rubber or latex gloves; dissolve 20 g food-grade lye in 500 g cold water in a non-reactive bowl; soak each shaped pretzel 10 to 15 seconds, drain on a rack over parchment, then move to a sheet. Pour the diluted solution down the drain and follow with cold tap water. Results differ from the baking-soda bath.

Conditions

Yield10 pretzels
Active time30 min
Temperature232°C

Places

Germany

Documented preparation · Country evidence

Pretzels are a German bakery product in the sources. Goethe-Institut frames the origin stories as myth and hearsay, so no birthplace is set.

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