Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

All legumes and seeds31Legume, seed and plant-protein ferments21Koji, mold starters and mold-ripened ferments5Adjacent and excluded2Garum and fish sauces2Smoked salted and dried foods1
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Recipes

Illustrative close-up of a coarse pounded fermented soybean base for tungrymbai; exact appearance varies and this is not a photograph of the documented village batch.

Tungrymbai

A Khasi and Jaintia fermented soybean food from Meghalaya: cooked beans ferment naturally in leaf-lined baskets above a fire, giving a sticky, pungent, savoury mass.

Meghalaya · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Golden, textured rice-koji soybean miso piled in an ivory ceramic bowl on a warm ivory surface.
Elevated risk

Rice-koji soybean miso

A traditional Japanese fermented paste made by mixing cooked soybeans with rice koji and salt. This guide details the ratio, the long enzymatic breakdown, and the months-long maturation required for depth.

Japan · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Cambodian Sieng: whole golden-brown fermented soybeans preserved in light salt brine.

Sieng

A Cambodian fermented soybean food in which cooked beans ferment into a sticky alkaline mass, then are preserved and matured in salt brine, sometimes sweetened with sugar.

Cambodia · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Photograph of Shiokara natto (hama natto, tera natto).

Shiokara natto (hama natto, tera natto)

A Japanese family of salted, dark, non-stringy natto made from whole soybeans, roasted grain and salt water, with names such as hama-natto, Daitokuji-natto and tera-natto. Not the sticky Bacillus natto.

Japan
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative dark-brown strained cooked-bean koji garum, shown as a pourable liquid seasoning in a plain glass bowl.
High risk

Cooked-bean koji garum

Cooked-bean koji garum is a dark liquid seasoning made from soft-cooked beans, rice koji, salt and water. A long warm hold lets koji enzymes break down the mash.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Glossy brown Japanese natto beans with their characteristic sticky strings, lifted with chopsticks above a small ceramic bowl, with white rice nearby.
Elevated risk

Natto

Natto is a Japanese fermented soybean food with a sticky coat and long strings, made by steaming soybeans and inoculating them with a natto Bacillus starter, then keeping them warm.

Japan
Legumes and seeds
Three compact sunflower-seed meal balls from the modern adaptation, one split open beside toasted shelled kernels.

Mapi' (Hidatsa sunflower-seed balls)

Mapi' are Hidatsa sunflower-seed balls formed from parched meal. This modern, untested kitchen adaptation uses toasted kernels and keeps the historical method distinct.

North Dakota
· Legumes and seeds
A freshly made firm tofu block, one slice and cubes on an ivory plate, with soybeans in a small dish behind it.

Fresh Firm Tofu

Fresh firm tofu is made by coagulating cooked soybean milk, then draining and pressing the curds into a sliceable block. This version follows a published nigari method and traces tofu’s varied, contested history.

China
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative still life of yellow-pea koji garum as a dark liquid seasoning, with peas and rice koji as ingredient context; exact batch appearance is not documented.
High risk

Yellow-pea koji garum

Yellow-pea koji garum is a dark liquid seasoning made by holding cooked split peas with rice koji, salt and water while the koji enzymes break down the mash.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Finished black oncom, a compact gray-brown peanut-cake ferment, shown whole and cut on a banana leaf.
High risk

Black oncom from defatted peanut cake

Black oncom is a mould-fermented cake made from defatted peanut cake, pressed to about 2 cm, steamed and then incubated for a day at ambient temperature.

West Java, Indonesia · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative semisolid Indonesian tauco with softened soybeans; not a verified photograph of a specific regional batch.
Elevated risk

Tauco, Indonesian two-stage soybean paste

An Indonesian savoury soybean paste built in two stages: cooked beans and roasted flour carry a mould fermentation, then mature in salt brine into a thick, salty seasoning.

Indonesia · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative finished Ugba: thin, irregular brown African oil-bean strips in a pale bowl; visual interpretation of the documented form, not a photograph of a specific batch.
High risk

Ugba, Nigerian fermented African oil bean

Sliced cotyledons of the African oil bean, boiled soft and fermented in banana-leaf parcels into the sharply savoury Nigerian condiment and salad ingredient known as ukpaka.

Nsukka, Enugu State · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
A pale ceramic dish of dark, whole fermented soybeans representing a documented dried bacterial-type douchi sample.

Bacterial-type douchi

A Chinese fermented soybean condiment in which Bacillus-led bacteria, not moulds, drive the fermentation. Documented in Zunyi, Guizhou, and kept separate from mould-led douchi.

China
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative serving of soft whole pale-brown fermented soybeans representing Apatani Peruyaan, shown in a plain ceramic bowl; exact batch appearance is not documented.

Peruyaan

An Apatani fermented soybean food from the Ziro Valley of Arunachal Pradesh: cooked beans are wrapped in ginger leaves and left near the hearth until sticky and savoury, then eaten with rice or as a chilli-seasoned chutney.

Ziro Valley · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative deep-brown, coarse pe poke soybean wafers on a pale plate, one piece broken to show the dense interior.

Pe poke

A Myanmar soybean ferment in which cooked beans turn sticky through alkaline bacterial fermentation, then are eaten fresh or seasoned, flattened and sun-dried into savoury wafers.

Myanmar · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Plain glossy natto in a small dark blue ceramic bowl, with fine sticky strands between cooked soybeans.
Elevated risk

Natto with half-pack starter in a yogurt maker

Pressure-steamed soybeans are mixed with half a retail natto pack, held in a yogurt maker, and chilled; the creator reports a yield of about 300 g.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
A small ceramic bowl of plain glossy natto, with cooked whole soybeans bound by fine translucent sticky strands.
Elevated risk

Natto with frozen retail starter

This video account makes natto from soybeans using frozen retail natto as a starter and a yogurt maker. It reports one home batch but leaves the starter mass, soak-water temperature, cooling controls and storage after chilling unstated.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Finished whole-bean Japanese natto in a shallow ceramic bowl, showing its characteristic sticky strands.
High risk

Natto with a documented Bacillus subtilis starter

Steamed soybeans fermented by a named strain of Bacillus subtilis into Japan’s sticky, strongly savoury whole-bean food, bound by the thread-forming polymer the bacteria secrete.

Japan · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
A small ceramic dish holding wrinkled dark brown-black finished Mucor-type douchi beans on a wooden surface.

Mucor-type douchi

A Chinese fermented soybean condiment from Chongqing and Sichuan, made by growing Mucor-type mould on cooked beans, then salting and maturing them into dark, savoury, soft beans with a concentrated aroma.

China · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Fresh granular Japanese mame-koji: individual pale soybean grains with fine cream-white koji growth in a shallow cedar tray.

Mame-koji

Japanese soybean koji: steamed soybeans, loose or formed into balls, grown over with Aspergillus mould to make the enzymes for mame-miso, tamari and regional soybean condiments.

Japan · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Finished Japanese natto in a ceramic bowl with delicate sticky threads; plain rice is softly out of focus.
Elevated risk

Natto with retail starter and an oven-light incubator

A 250 g soybean batch uses one of nine retail-natto portions and a towel-wrapped oven-light setup; the thermometer location and starter-pack mass are unknown.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Finished Japanese natto in a ceramic bowl with delicate sticky threads; plain rice is softly out of focus.
Elevated risk

Natto with liquid starter in a foam box

Liquid natto starter is mixed through pressure-cooked soybeans and incubated in a warmed foam box; the creator gives no incubation temperature.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Dark irregularly molded dried Ogiri-okpei condiment pieces on a pale plate.
High risk

Ogiri-okpei from Prosopis seeds

Ogiri-okpei is a Nigerian condiment of cooked Prosopis africana cotyledons left to ferment spontaneously in leaf-lined containers, then ground and dried.

Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Plain sticky, soft fermented soybeans arranged in a leaf-lined woven bamboo basket.

Bekang / Bekang-um

A Mizo alkaline soybean ferment made by holding cooked beans in leaf-lined containers, sometimes with wood ash, until they turn sticky, soft and pungent; eaten fresh or used as a seasoning.

Mizoram · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
A coarse dark brown axone fermented soybean preparation on a banana leaf.
High risk

Axone

Soybeans boiled soft and fermented in a leaf-lined basket by the hearth, then in many Naga households pounded, wrapped in leaves and fermented again into a dark, pungent seasoning paste.

Nagaland · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Finnish pea soup with smoked ham, mustard and chopped onion in a white bowl.
Elevated risk

Finnish pea soup

Finnish pea soup simmers dried peas with palvikinkku or a vegetable alternative, then is served with mustard and chopped onion.

Finland · Modern method
Legumes and seeds
Illustrative red oncom cake from pressed soy pulp, with an orange-red Neurospora-colored surface and pale okara interior; generalized image of the published experimental formulation, not a verified batch.
Elevated risk

Red oncom from okara with Neurospora starter

Red oncom is a West Javanese cake fermented from pressed soy pulp with a Neurospora starter, a little tapioca starch and vinegar. It is a different food from black oncom, made on another substrate with another mould.

West Java, Indonesia · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Finished douchi, dark wrinkled fermented soybeans in a shallow charcoal ceramic bowl.
High risk

Low-salt Aspergillus douchi

This controlled study protocol makes Aspergillus koji from soybeans and then ferments it with 4% salt. It uses a 150 g jar batch and a defined moisture target; the research method is not a validated home process.

China · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Dark brown dried thua nao discs made from black soybeans, stacked on a plain white plate.
High risk

Black soybean thua nao with Bacillus subtilis

Black soybeans cooked, inoculated with a named Bacillus subtilis culture and fermented warm and humid into northern Thailand's thua nao, then optionally dried into thin discs.

Chiang Mai Province, Thailand · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Editorial depiction of generic thick brown doenjang paste; the controlled study does not publish a photograph of its K1 sample.
Elevated risk

Rice-koji doenjang from a controlled study

A Korean fermented soybean paste built on rice koji instead of traditional meju blocks, matured warm for thirty days with salt holding the water activity down.

Korea; soybean source reported as Hamyang, Gyeongsangnam-do · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Kinema’s sticky split soybeans arranged in a leaf-lined woven basket, with dry soybeans and a separate dish of wood ash.
High risk

Kinema with firewood ash

A sticky fermented soybean food of the eastern Himalaya, made here with a measured addition of firewood ash as an alkaline aid to the bacteria that drive it.

Eastern Nepal · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds