Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

All condiments321Fermented, enzyme-ripened and mixed seasonings286Fruit preserves10Adjacent and excluded7Legume, seed and plant-protein ferments6Acid and oil pickles3Dairy ferments2Garum and fish sauces2Smoked salted and dried foods2Cheese1Not yet classified1Vegetable lactic1
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Recipes

Modern tkemali-inspired tart-plum sauce made with ordinary mint in place of ombalo; a refrigerator-sauce adaptation, not Georgian traditional tkemali.
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Tkemali-inspired tart-plum sauce

An untested refrigerator sauce inspired by Georgian tkemali. This version uses ordinary mint in place of pennyroyal (ombalo), changing its aroma; it is not a tested preserve.

Georgia · Modern method
· Condiments
A modest bowl of fine pale Asin sa buy-o salt crystals, shown without packaging.

Asin sa buy-o

Asin sa buy-o is a fine sea salt made in Panayunan, Botolan, and packed in a woven nipa pouch called a buy-o. Salt-bearing coastal earth is leached with seawater, and the brine is boiled to crystals.

Botolan · Traditional method
· Condiments
Ai-manas, the coarse fresh chilli paste of one documented Timorese version, served beside Balado-style fried boiled eggs.

Ai-manas (Timor-Leste chilli condiment)

Ai-manas is described as a very hot chilli paste served with Timorese meals. One published version blends fresh chillies, shallots, garlic, Thai basil, ginger, lemon and salt, and serves it with eggs. Sources do not establish a standard formula, precise birthplace or earliest date.

Timor-Leste
Condiments
Illustrative finished Bohol asin tibuok salt: a pale solid salt form exposed inside its cracked reddish-brown clay pot.

Alburquerque Asin Tibuok

Asin tibuok is a Boholano salt-making craft that turns seawater-soaked coconut husks into a salt-rich ash, brine and formed sea salt in specialized clay pots. This record follows one published account of the community process; it is not a validated household formula.

Alburquerque · Traditional method
Condiments
Proposed garlic-and-lime mayoketchup in a plain bowl, served beside golden fried cornmeal sticks.
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Mayoketchup with garlic and lime

Mayonnaise and ketchup with garlic powder and lime make this proposed dipping sauce for surullitos; its ratio is an original, untested choice, not a Puerto Rican standard.

Puerto Rico · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Illustrative still life of one reported pale, porous Nzoia River reed salt block on a banana leaf; colour and texture are not standardized.
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Nzoia River reed salt

Nzoia River reed salt is a Bukusu seasoning made by leaching and evaporating the ash of mature muchua reeds. Its sources document a local method, but provide neither a measured formula nor verified mineral composition.

Nabuyole, Webuye, Bungoma County · Traditional method
· Condiments
Smooth pale pink mayonnaise, ketchup and Worcestershire sauce in a small plain ivory bowl.
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Pink mayonnaise and ketchup sauce

Mayonnaise and ketchup form a pale pink sauce sharpened with Worcestershire; a little citrus may be added at serving, while the proportions remain an untested starting point.

Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Original illustration of the freshly ground wet Rajasthani tomato, dried-chilli, garlic and coriander-seed chutney described in the study.
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Rajasthani chilli-garlic chutney

A wet Rajasthani chutney of tomato, soaked dried red chillies, garlic and coriander seed ground with salt and water. A 2017 study gives its proportions as a ratio and tested a stored batch.

Rajasthan · Traditional method
· Condiments
Plain pale-golden English apple sauce, freshly beaten to a soft purée in an unbranded cream bowl with peeled apple quarters and a small piece of butter.

Apple sauce for goose and pork

Apple sauce for goose and pork is a plain English accompaniment: cooked apples pulped with water, then sweetened with sugar and finished with a little butter.

England
Condiments
Photograph of Zhug / zhoug.

Zhug / zhoug

A Yemeni hot sauce of fresh chilli, coriander and garlic bound with olive oil, the base of sahawiq and a common condiment in Israel. It is made by crushing, not cooking, and keeps only briefly in the refrigerator.

Yemen
· Condiments
Photograph of Zacusca.
Elevated risk

Zacusca

Zacusca is a Romanian and Moldovan spread of roasted eggplant and sweet peppers cooked down with onion, tomato and oil, made in quantity in autumn and kept in jars for winter.

Romania
· Condiments
Photograph of XO sauce.

XO sauce

XO sauce is a Hong Kong condiment of dried scallop and shrimp, chilli, aromatics and oil, cooked rather than fermented, whose restaurant and home versions differ widely.

Hong Kong
· Condiments
Photograph of Wasakaka.

Wasakaka

A Dominican garlic sauce of olive oil, garlic, parsley, sour orange or lime juice and salt, simmered until reduced and served over roast chicken, boiled yuca or meat.

Dominican Republic
· Condiments
Shizuoka wasabi-zuke, a pale sake-lees condiment flecked with finely chopped green wasabi, served in an ivory bowl.

Wasabi-zuke (Shizuoka wasabi pickled in sake lees)

A Shizuoka pickle of finely chopped wasabi stems and roots, salted, squeezed and kneaded into sweetened sake lees, then rested airtight for two to three days until pungent.

Shizuoka Prefecture
· Condiments
Photograph of Walnut ketchup.
Elevated risk

Walnut ketchup

A dark liquid seasoning made from young green walnuts steeped in salt and vinegar, then boiled with spices, shallots and anchovies. It belongs to the British ketchups of the 1700s and 1800s.

Britain
· Condiments
Photograph of Vinagrete (molho à campanha).

Vinagrete (molho à campanha)

Vinagrete, also called molho à campanha, is a Brazilian relish of finely chopped tomato, onion and peppers dressed with vinegar and olive oil. It is served with grilled meat and feijoada.

Brazil
· Condiments
Photograph of Veloute sauce.

Veloute sauce

Veloute is a light stock sauce thickened with a blond roux, one of the French mother sauces, and the base for named sauces built on chicken, fish or veal stock.

France
· Condiments
Photograph of Trinidad tamarind sauce.

Trinidad tamarind sauce

A sweet, sour and spiced tamarind sauce from Trinidad, made from tamarind pulp with garlic, Scotch bonnet, culantro, cumin, anchar masala and brown sugar, served with doubles and pholourie.

Trinidad and Tobago
· Condiments
Photograph of Trinidad coconut chutney.

Trinidad coconut chutney

Trinidad coconut chutney is dried coconut roasted until charred, then ground on a stone with garlic, hot pepper, pimento and chadon beni to a coarse paste.

Trinidad and Tobago
Condiments
Photograph of Tomato soy.

Tomato soy

Mary Randolph's tomato soy, a tomato condiment and not soybean sauce: tomatoes salted in layers for three days, boiled for a day, passed through a sieve and spiced with cloves, allspice, black pepper and cayenne.

Virginia
Condiments
Photograph of Tkemali.
Elevated risk

Tkemali

A Georgian sour plum sauce of cherry plums cooked with garlic, coriander, dill-family herbs and chilli. Its sourness comes from the fruit, and it is served as a condiment with grilled meat, poultry and potatoes.

Georgia
· Condiments
Photograph of Tahini sauce.

Tahini sauce

A Levantine sesame sauce of tahini thinned with water and brightened with lemon and garlic, the base of tarator served with falafel and shawarma, with Egyptian and Iraqi variants.

Levant
· Condiments
A bowl of pale sweet rice-miso glaze with a spoon, beside a lightly glazed cooked aubergine half.

Sweet miso glaze

A Japanese-style glaze of pale rice miso, water, sugar and rice vinegar, heated gently until it coats a spoon and spread over cooked aubergine, tofu or vegetables.

Japan · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Swedish-style mustard and dill sauce, a golden thick emulsion flecked with chopped dill.

Swedish-style mustard and dill sauce

Sweet mustard and Dijon whisked with sugar and white-wine vinegar, thickened with oil added slowly and finished with fresh dill: a hovmästarsås-style sauce for salmon.

Sweden
· Condiments
Photograph of Steak Diane and peppercorn pan sauces.

Steak Diane and peppercorn pan sauces

Steak Diane is a restaurant pan sauce of seasoned butter, Worcestershire and parsley, often flamed; the related peppercorn cream sauce is reduced from cream and crushed peppercorns for steak.

London
· Condiments
A small ceramic bowl of thick, reddish-brown ssamjang-style sauce with sesame seeds and fine green onion flecks.

Ssamjang-style wrapping sauce

Doenjang and gochujang stirred together with sesame oil and seeds, a little honey, water, raw garlic and spring onion: a thick, savoury sauce for lettuce wraps with rice.

Korea
· Condiments
Photograph of Sos ti malis.

Sos ti malis

A Haitian hot sauce of habanero or Scotch bonnet, onion, shallot and garlic, softened in vinegar and lime, simmered briefly and served on grilled or fried meat and seafood.

Haiti
· Condiments
Photograph of Smooth avocado sauce.

Smooth avocado sauce

A pourable sauce of ripe avocado, lime, chile, herbs and onion, blended or mashed to a smooth body. It is an avocado sauce, not every green taquería sauce.

Mexico · Traditional method
Condiments
Illustrative small-batch ajvar-style relish: a thick, spoonable red pepper and eggplant spread in a ceramic bowl.

Small-batch ajvar-style relish

A small roasted red-pepper and eggplant relish with sunflower oil, wine vinegar, garlic and salt. It is a modern ajvar-style trial, not a validated winter preserve or a copy of a commercial formula.

North Macedonia
· Condiments
Photograph of Sikil p’ak.

Sikil p’ak

Sikil p’ak is a Yucatecan dip of toasted, ground pumpkin seeds mixed with roasted tomato, habanero, onion and herbs, served with tortilla chips or warm tortillas. Its name is built from Maya words for pumpkin seed and tomato.

Yucatán
Condiments
Photograph of Shito.
Elevated risk

Shito

Shito is a hot Ghanaian pepper condiment with fish-rich, oil-cooked and fresh pepper forms; this measured version follows a recipe collected in Ghana’s Northern Region.

Ghana · Traditional method
· Condiments
Homemade shiro dashi, a clear pale amber seasoned stock in a glass jar, less concentrated than bottled versions.

Shiro dashi (light soy dashi concentrate)

Shiro dashi is a pale Japanese seasoning stock of kombu and bonito dashi, light soy sauce, mirin and salt, used to flavour dishes without darkening them.

Japan
· Condiments
Photograph of Sawse camelyne (cameline sauce).

Sawse camelyne (cameline sauce)

A medieval English sauce of pounded dried currants, nut kernels, bread crusts and warm spices, tempered with vinegar. It is an unfermented sauce from The Forme of Cury, not a preserving recipe.


Condiments
Photograph of Sawse blanche for capons (almond and verjuice sauce).

Sawse blanche for capons (almond and verjuice sauce)

A pale English sauce from The Forme of Cury, about 1390, of blanched almonds ground to a dust, tempered with verjuice and seasoned with powdered ginger. It is a historical sauce, not a modern bechamel.


Condiments
Photograph of Sauce chien (Antillean herb sauce).

Sauce chien (Antillean herb sauce)

Sauce chien is a fresh French Antillean sauce of chopped chives, parsley, garlic, shallot and hot pepper, steeped in hot water with oil and lime.

Guadeloupe
Condiments
Photograph of Shidni.

Shidni

Shidni, also called shigni, is a Somali tomato, chilli and tamarind sauce. An everyday version is fried for about five minutes; a festive chutney with dates and mango cooks for about two hours under the name basbaas alla-bari.

Somalia
Condiments
Illustrative Malaysian sambal tumis: thick cooked red chilli paste with a light ring of separated oil, in a plain ceramic bowl.

Sambal tumis

Sambal tumis is a Malaysian chilli paste fried in oil until it breaks, then simmered with tamarind and sugar, used as a condiment and as a cooking base.

Malaysia
· Condiments
Fresh sambal matah-inspired relish of finely sliced shallots, chillies, lemongrass and makrut lime leaf.

Sambal matah-inspired fresh aromatic relish

A small fresh relish of sliced shallots, chillies, lemongrass and lime leaf with lime juice, oil and salt, inspired by Balinese sambal matah.

Bali · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Fresh Sambal kecap in a small ceramic dish: dark sweet soy with pounded red chilli and sliced shallot and garlic.

Sambal kecap

Sambal kecap is an Indonesian table condiment of fresh bird's eye chilli and shallot stirred into sweet soy sauce, served with grilled food, satay and tempe.

Indonesia
· Condiments
Illustrative fresh sambal belacan-style relish: coarse red chilli and belacan with lime or calamansi, served in a small bowl.

Sambal belacan-style fresh relish

Red chillies pounded with belacan shrimp paste, then mixed with lime or calamansi and sugar for a fresh relish. Contains crustacean shellfish.

Malaysia · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Photograph of Salvitxada.

Salvitxada

Salvitxada is a Catalan sauce from Valls, thickened with toast rubbed with garlic, served almost only with calcots at the calcotada barbecue.

Valls
Condiments
Photograph of Salted butter caramel sauce.

Salted butter caramel sauce

A pourable caramel of sugar and butter, cooked dark and then loosened with cream and finished with flaky salt.


· Condiments
Sesame mayonnaise: thick, smooth pale beige sauce in a plain white bowl.

Sesame mayonnaise

A sesame-forward, fresh sauce made by mixing tahini, toasted sesame oil and rice vinegar into finished mayonnaise; the archived amounts are untested starting points.


· Condiments
Photograph of Seeni sambol.

Seeni sambol

Sri Lankan cooked onion relish: onions fried in oil until dark and jammy, then sharpened with tamarind and sweetened with sugar. Not a fermented condiment.

Sri Lanka
· Condiments
Illustrative sushi-zu: a clear pale-gold vinegar, sugar and salt seasoning in a plain glass bowl.

Seasoned Sushi Vinegar (Sushi-zu)

A Japanese mixed seasoning of vinegar, sugar and salt for sushi rice. Ratios vary with the rice batch and style; this version follows Marukan Vinegar's formula for two go of rice.

Japan
· Condiments
Photograph of Schezwan sauce (Dassana Amit batch).

Schezwan sauce (Dassana Amit batch)

A cooked Indo-Chinese chilli sauce made with soaked dried chillies, aromatics, soy and vinegar.

Indo-Chinese cuisine
· Condiments