Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

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Recipes

A round golden potbrood loaf in an open black cast-iron Dutch oven lined with baking parchment.

Potbrood

A modern South African potbrood home method: a yeast dough proofs in a 4 L cast-iron pot and bakes covered, then uncovered, in a domestic oven.

South Africa · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Finished rectangular pain de mie with a flat top and fine, even crumb, shown with one square slice; an illustrative image of the enriched instant-yeast loaf.

Pain de mie

A fine-crumb, enriched wheat loaf baked in a lidded pan for even slices used in sandwiches, toast, French toast and melba toast.

Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Golden Korean hotteok pancakes filled with brown sugar, cinnamon and walnuts, one opened to show the syrup centre.

Hotteok

Maangchi’s eight-piece hotteok wraps a brown-sugar, cinnamon and walnut filling in yeast dough, then fries and presses the parcels in a pan.

South Korea · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Three golden English muffins, one fork-split to show their open crumb.

English muffins: King Arthur yeast-preferment version

King Arthur’s six-piece English muffin batch uses a yeast preferment, two folds and a skillet or electric griddle; it is distinct from the sourdough-and-yeast version already catalogued.

United States · Modern method
· Grains and starches
A stack of soft, turmeric-yellow Trinidad bara breads, thin and gently puffed with light golden frying marks.

Trinidad bara for doubles

Soft Trinidad bara are thin yeast-raised wheat rounds fried briefly, then paired as two breads around channa and condiments to make doubles.

Trinidad and Tobago
· Grains and starches
Dry reddish-brown Maharashtrian tilachi chutney powder, made with sesame and coconut, in a small ceramic bowl.

Tilachi chutney

A Maharashtrian dry chutney of slowly roasted sesame and coconut ground fine with garlic, chilli powder, cumin, tamarind and sugar, kept in a bottle and eaten as a winter side.

Maharashtra · Traditional method
· Condiments
Soft Iraqi khubz tannour flatbread with toasted blisters on parchment in a home-oven setting

Iraqi khubz tannour (home oven)

A soft, water-only Iraqi wheat flatbread adapted for a domestic oven with parchment and a preheated baking stone or inverted sheet.

Iraq
· Grains and starches
A medium golden braided brioche loaf with one slice revealing its tender yellow crumb, on an ivory platter.

Brioche

An egg-and-butter-rich yeast dough shaped as one round loaf, two loaves or twelve small brioches, with baking paths that vary by shape.

Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Fresh granular Japanese mame-koji: individual pale soybean grains with fine cream-white koji growth in a shallow cedar tray.

Mame-koji

Japanese soybean koji: steamed soybeans, loose or formed into balls, grown over with Aspergillus mould to make the enzymes for mame-miso, tamari and regional soybean condiments.

Japan · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Whole cultivated button mushrooms in a pale amber vinegar-and-oil marinade with onion, pimento and peppercorns.
High risk

Eastern European Vinegar-Pickled Mushrooms

Small edible mushrooms are briefly cooked and packed in a seasoned vinegar marinade, a sweet-sour preserve served cold in Poland and neighbouring cuisines.

Poland · Modern adaptation
· Vegetables
Illustrative pale mahewu beverage in a plain ceramic cup; not a depiction of a validated batch.
Elevated risk

Mahewu from maize porridge and sprouted grain

A documentary account of Zimbabwean mahewu and one producer's formula. Its quantities exceed the stated vessels, and research does not validate it as a safe home method.

Zimbabwe · Traditional method
· Drinks
An illustrative modern reconstruction of cooked Byzantine murrī: thick dark brown paste with a quince wedge and walnuts in a plain pottery dish.

Byzantine murrī

Byzantine murrī is a cooked imitation of murrī from the medieval Arabic repertoire, made from scorched honey, toasted bread, walnuts, quince, carob and spices rather than from a long grain fermentation.


Condiments
Deeply golden, butter-layered jachnun rolls with a cut spiral end, served with grated tomato and schug.

Jachnun (Yemenite Jewish overnight pastry)

Jachnun is a rolled, butter-layered wheat pastry baked covered for hours at very low oven heat and served warm, often with grated tomato and schug.

Yemen · Traditional method
· Grains and starches
A spoon lifting thick, pale ihwaju rice wine from a plain ceramic bowl.

Ihwaju

Thick, sweet Korean rice wine made with a rice-based starter called ihwagok and almost no added water, fermented into a paste that is eaten with a spoon or thinned with cold water.

Korea · Traditional method
· Drinks
Illustrative view of the blended pūhā-and-mussel study preparation in a small screw-cap jar; not a photograph of an actual research batch.

Toroī with pūhā or watercress

Dixon's 2007 thesis records ten toroi study batches, five with puha and five with watercress, each from 2 kg of shell-on green-lipped mussels and about 600 g of greens. Its method is a laboratory one.

Aotearoa New Zealand · Modern method
Fish and seafood
A bowl of the original contemporary stockfish, chickpea and olive stew, with large cooked fish flakes, whole chickpeas and dark olives in tomato sauce; an editorial recipe image, not a regional traditional dish.
Elevated risk

Stockfish, chickpea and olive stew

A contemporary Mediterranean-style stew in which poached stockfish flakes are folded into a paprika-spiced tomato sauce with cooked chickpeas and olives.

Modern method
· Fish and seafood
Plain Ulster soda farls, four quarter-round soda breads cooked on a griddle with mottled golden-brown faces and a soft pale crumb.

Plain Ulster soda farls

A buttermilk-and-soda wheat dough cut into quarters and cooked on a griddle, following Paula's plain version for Discover Ulster-Scots.

Ulster · Modern method
· Grains and starches
A bowl of coarse amber-brown Andhra allam pachadi, a ginger chutney with visible browned urad dal flecks.

Allam pachadi

An Andhra ginger-and-urad chutney in which browned dal and briefly fried ginger and chillies are cooled, then ground with jaggery to a coarse paste.

Andhra Pradesh · Modern method
· Condiments
A small plain ceramic bowl of thick brown Filipino lechon sauce with canned liver spread, on a wooden table.

Lechon sauce with canned liver spread

A cooked Filipino roast-meat sauce thickened from canned liver spread, vinegar, water, sugar and breadcrumbs, with browned garlic and softened onion.

Philippines · Modern method
· Condiments
Small bowl of freshly pounded Thai chilli vinegar with red chilli flecks and seeds, beside a stone mortar and two red Thai chillies.

Pounded Thai chilli vinegar

Pailin Chongchitnant's fresh prik nam som card pounds two or three Thai chillies, optionally with garlic, before stirring in white vinegar; charring is a separate optional step.

Thailand · Modern method
· Condiments
Golden Genovese focaccia in a baking tray, its olive-oil and salt dimples visible beside an airy cut crumb.

Genovese focaccia: Ezio Rocchi's version

Fresh-yeast focaccia with olive oil and brine in its dimples, made in two 30 × 40 cm trays. It is separate from the sourdough focaccia formula.

Liguria · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Finished Bacalà alla Vicentina: tender stockfish pieces in pale onion and milk sauce beside golden polenta on a rustic plate.
Elevated risk

Bacalà alla vicentina

Stockfish from Vicenza, left barely bubbling for hours with onion, preserved anchovy, olive oil, milk and a little cheese until it is tender under a dense pale sauce, and eaten with polenta.

Vicenza · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Two thin, round, lightly toasted Lapin ohrarieska barley flatbreads with fork-pricked surfaces on a wooden board.

Lapland barley rieska

Two barley flatbreads made with cold dough and baked rapidly on a hot sheet, following Timo Lepistö's northern Finnish formula.

Finnish Lapland · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Illustrative bowl of smooth, cooked New Mexican red chile powder sauce with a spoon; not a photograph of a specific batch.

New Mexican red chile sauce

New Mexican red chile sauce is a smooth, cooked sauce of dried red chile, thickened with a little flour and loosened with water, and used to coat enchiladas and to build chile con carne.

New Mexico
· Condiments
Three small pan-cooked mchadi cornmeal cakes, one broken to show its pale dense crumb

Mchadi: Georgian pan-cooked cornbread

Unleavened cornmeal cakes mixed with cold water and cooked on both sides in a covered-then-uncovered pan. Cheese is served alongside rather than mixed into this dough.

western Georgia · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Photograph of Pan-heated frozen mushrooms.
Elevated risk

Pan-heated frozen mushrooms

Pan-heated frozen mushrooms are cut mushrooms cooked briefly in margarine or butter in an open pan, cooled and frozen as a partly cooked ingredient for later meals.


Three golden Paraguayan chipa rings on an ivory plate, one broken open to show its interior.

Paraguayan chipa: Laylita's version

Cassava-starch cheese rings made with mozzarella, eggs and milk, with optional anise. This modern version uses baking powder and no dough fermentation.

Paraguay · Modern method
· Grains and starches
A round lardy cake with a glossy golden top and a cut wedge showing fruit-studded layers.

Lardy cake

A yeast dough is folded around sweetened lard and dried fruit, then baked in tins until the bottom caramelizes.

Gloucestershire · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Stoccafisso all'anconitana baked with potatoes, tomatoes and olives in a rustic casserole.
Elevated risk

Stoccafisso all'anconitana

Ancona's baked stockfish: thick pieces layered with potatoes, tomatoes, olives, capers and anchovy under olive oil and white wine, cooked slowly in a covered dish.

Ancona · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Illustrative Orkney barley-or-oat bannocks: two thick, lightly griddled rounds with coarse tan crumb; not a photograph of Anne Johnson's batch.

Orkney barley or oat bannocks

Two round, chemically raised bannocks made with equal weights of white flour and beremeal, barley flour or oat flour, following Anne Johnson's Orkney formula.

Orkney · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Coarsely crushed green-chilli and peanut thecha in a stone mortar, with green chillies, peanuts and garlic nearby.

Green-chilli and peanut thecha

A fresh Maharashtrian thecha of green chillies, peanuts and garlic, roasted separately in the same oil and crushed with salt. Optional coriander joins the pan before grinding; serve with bhakari.

Maharashtra · Modern method
· Condiments
Photograph of Pressure-canned mushrooms.
High risk

Pressure-canned mushrooms

Whole or sliced domestic mushrooms packed hot in jars with fresh water and processed in a pressure canner, the tested home method for a low-acid vegetable.

United States
Pale whipped stockfish cream with parsley on grilled polenta, served on a dark wooden table
Elevated risk

Baccalà mantecato

A Venetian cicchetto of cooked unsalted stockfish beaten with oil until it turns into a pale, aerated cream, spooned onto grilled polenta in the city's wine bars.

Venice · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Roasted bacalhau à lagareiro in a shallow ceramic dish with golden potatoes, onion, garlic and olive oil.
Elevated risk

Bacalhau à lagareiro

Thick pieces of desalted salt cod roasted in olive oil with garlic and onion, served with small potatoes cooked and then crushed until their skins split.

Portugal · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Frisian suikerbrood loaf and slices showing a soft cinnamon-sugar swirl and pearl sugar.

Frisian suikerbrood: Toine's version

Yeasted sugar bread with cinnamon, pearl sugar and ginger syrup, shaped into two standard loaves or three paper-pan loaves.

Friesland · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Bacalhau à Brás with cod flakes, fine potato matchsticks and black olives, served on a pale plate.
Elevated risk

Bacalhau à Brás

Lisbon's salt cod dish: shredded desalted cod and fine fried potato matchsticks folded through softened onion and bound with beaten egg, finished with parsley and black olives.

Lisbon · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Illustrative serving of pale-gold hopped beer; the page documents a brewing process, not one exact batch.

Beer

This is a process overview, not a complete batch recipe: key quantities, yield and packaging directions are absent. The AHA tutorial uses Hop Hammer Imperial IPA as an example; this page is not that full formulation.

Historic Jamestowne, Virginia · Modern adaptation
· Drinks
Hard smoked and dried tuna pieces with fibrous cut faces and thin shavings on an earthenware plate.
High risk

Maldive fish

Maldive fish is a hard, smoke-dried tuna product made in the Maldives and traded especially to Sri Lanka, where it is known as umbalakada. Cooks shave or pound it into a concentrated savory seasoning for sambols, curries and other dishes.

Maldives · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Plain set yogurt in an open glass jar, with a separate ceramic milk jug behind.

Set yogurt

Set yogurt keeps the milk’s cultured gel intact in its final container. This Canadian home method follows the same heating and inoculation as stirred yogurt, without the final stirring.

Canada · Modern method
· Dairy
Photograph of Tucupi negro.
High risk

Tucupi negro

Tucupi negro is a dark, pungent sauce that Amazonian Indigenous women make by pressing bitter cassava, settling its starch and simmering the juice for hours until it thickens.

Pucaurquillo, Ampiyacu River, near Iquitos · Traditional method
· Condiments
A sake bottle is partly immersed in a warm-water bath as a probe checks hi-ire temperature.

Hi-ire (heat treatment of sake)

Hi-ire is the Japanese heat treatment of finished sake, about 65 °C, used to stop re-fermentation and souring. Brewers applied it from the Muromachi era.

Japan
Drinks
A glass of thick Istanbul-style boza with cinnamon, beside roasted chickpeas.
Elevated risk

Istanbul bulgur and rice boza

A thick, pale Turkish winter drink of bulgur and rice cooked to a soft cereal base, sweetened with grape molasses and fermented for two days.

Istanbul · Traditional method
· Drinks
Photograph of Pontack elderberry sauce.
Elevated risk

Pontack elderberry sauce

An English elderberry condiment of vinegar, shallots and warm spices, historically called a catsup and tied to Pontac's Head tavern in London.

London · Historical attestation
· Condiments
Photograph of Wojapi.

Wojapi

Wojapi is a cooked berry sauce of the Lakota and Dakota peoples of the Northern Plains, traditionally made from pounded chokecherries and today most often made with blueberries and a starch.

Northern Plains, United States
· Condiments
A glass of golden sparkling Gueuze beside an unlabelled green bottle in a softly lit barrel cellar.

Gueuze

Belgian beer blended from young and mature spontaneously fermented lambics, then refermented in the bottle to natural carbonation. The recipe follows a 2,600-litre blend studied in 2024.

Brussels · Traditional method
· Drinks
Original editorial reconstruction of a closed, round, golden-browned Imeretian cheese bread cooked in a skillet.

Gunda's pan-fried Imeretian khachapuri

Closed round cheese breads made with sour-cream dough and cooked in a frying pan. This named Gunda version has no added yeast or proofing stage.

Imereti · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Whole unripe green figs cooked tender in golden syrup, served in a shallow dish with a fresh green fig alongside.

Green-fig konfyt without lime soak

Hard green figs are parboiled and cooked whole in a lemon-sharpened sugar syrup as a refrigerator-only South African konfyt; the method does not establish shelf-stable canning.

South Africa · Modern method
· Fruit
Three fresh white mozzarella balls resting in a shallow ceramic bowl with a little whey.
Elevated risk

Citric-acid-and-rennet mozzarella

A quick fresh batch uses low-temperature-pasteurized whole milk, citric acid and rennet; the curd is warmed, drained and stretched in hot whey.

Modern method
· Dairy