Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

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Recipes

Fresh Hawaiian poi, a smooth pale lavender taro paste, shown in a plain ceramic bowl.
Elevated risk

Fresh poi

This modern introductory batch boils 500 g edible taro, then pounds it with water into fresh poi. It stops before fermentation and makes no preservation claim.

Hawaiʻi · Modern adaptation
· Vegetables
Three elongated golden Afghan naans with lengthwise grooves and nigella and sesame on an ivory platter.

Afghan naan

A long oval Afghan wheat bread, leavened with yeast, grooved along its length and baked until crisp outside and chewy within.

Afghanistan · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Bakalar na bijelo, a pale stockfish and potato spread with parsley, served in an ivory bowl.
Elevated risk

Bakalar na bijelo

An Istrian festive spread of cooked stockfish beaten with olive oil and garlic until pale and cohesive, here bulked out with hand-mashed floury potato.

Istria · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Illustrative modern reconstruction of poached stockfish with a coarse walnut, garlic and bread sauce, based on the ingredients and mortar method in Ashmole MS 1439. The source records no historical serving appearance.
Elevated risk

Stockfish in walnut sauce (medieval)

The second stockfish sauce from a fifteenth-century English manuscript: walnuts, garlic, bread, pepper and salt ground in a mortar and loosened with the fish's own broth.

England · Modern adaptation
· Fish and seafood
An interpretive gouache illustration of cooked stockfish under a hot, light verjuice and fish-broth sauce with chopped parsley; the fifteenth-century manuscript supports these ingredients and serving form, not this exact plate.
Elevated risk

Stockfish in verjuice sauce (medieval)

A fifteenth-century English way to serve cooked stockfish: strained fish broth boiled with chopped parsley, powdered ginger and a little verjuice, then poured hot over the fish.

England · Modern adaptation
· Fish and seafood
Glossy whole kumquats gently simmered in sugar syrup, served in a ceramic bowl.

Kinkan no kanroni: sweet-simmered kumquats

Whole kumquats are slit, blanched and simmered gently in fresh water and sugar until the peel softens and the liquid thickens. This Imari municipal recipe gives a sugar range rather than a fixed ratio.

Imari City
· Fruit
A clear tumbler of finished pale cream Northern Nigerian pearl-millet kunu zaki.
Elevated risk

Northern Nigerian pearl-millet kunu zaki

A thick, spiced northern Nigerian drink of pearl millet in which only part of the fermented slurry is cooked, so raw starch and gelatinised starch are recombined.

Northern Nigeria · Modern method
· Drinks
A glossy, anise-speckled mosbolletjies pull-apart loaf made of six round buns, one separated to show the soft crumb.

Mosbolletjies (grape-juice and yeast buns)

This modern South African mosbolletjies recipe uses white grape juice and instant yeast in an anise-scented enriched dough. It makes two pull-apart loaves; grape juice with commercial yeast is not the traditional fermenting-must leaven.

South Africa · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A finished round no-knead sourdough boule with a cross-scored crust and a slice showing the open crumb.

No-knead sourdough loaf

A ripe sourdough starter leavens this modern low-handling loaf. Three hourly folds organize the sticky dough before a long refrigerator rest, final proof and covered bake.

United States · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Plain glossy natto in a small dark blue ceramic bowl, with fine sticky strands between cooked soybeans.
Elevated risk

Natto with half-pack starter in a yogurt maker

Pressure-steamed soybeans are mixed with half a retail natto pack, held in a yogurt maker, and chilled; the creator reports a yield of about 300 g.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
A tall domed golden-brown overnight panettone in a plain paper mold, with a slice showing airy crumb and raisins, apricots, cranberries and dried pineapple.

Overnight panettone: King Arthur version

A modern instant-yeast panettone with an overnight flour-and-water preferment and mixed dried fruit. It is separate from specialist sourdough panettone methods.

Lombardy · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Golden sesame shaobing with a visible spiral of sesame paste in its layered interior.

Beijing Sesame-Paste Shaobing

A Beijing-style yeast dough is layered with seasoned sesame paste, sealed into small buns, briefly pan-fried, seeded, and baked.

China · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A small ceramic bowl of plain glossy natto, with cooked whole soybeans bound by fine translucent sticky strands.
Elevated risk

Natto with frozen retail starter

This video account makes natto from soybeans using frozen retail natto as a starter and a yogurt maker. It reports one home batch but leaves the starter mass, soak-water temperature, cooling controls and storage after chilling unstated.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Warm white beans with flaked bokkom flesh, lemon and parsley

White beans with bokkoms

Cooked white beans warm gently with a little deboned, ready-to-eat commercial bokkom flesh, garlic, lemon and parsley. This is a contemporary serving adaptation, not a documented inherited Cape dish.

Modern adaptation
Fish and seafood
Finished whole-bean Japanese natto in a shallow ceramic bowl, showing its characteristic sticky strands.
High risk

Natto with a documented Bacillus subtilis starter

Steamed soybeans fermented by a named strain of Bacillus subtilis into Japan’s sticky, strongly savoury whole-bean food, bound by the thread-forming polymer the bacteria secrete.

Japan · Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Round Japanese melon-pan buns with a lightly golden, crosshatched biscuit shell; one is cut to show its soft bread crumb.

Melon pan

Melon pan pairs a soft Japanese yeast bun with a crisp, crosshatched cookie shell. In this ten-bun version, the bread dough is wrapped in a separate biscuit layer and baked until lightly golden.

Japan · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A bowl of cooked New Mexican green chile sauce with visible roasted chile and softened onion.

New Mexican green chile sauce

New Mexican green chile sauce is a cooked sauce of roasted fresh green chile, onion and garlic, thickened with a little flour and a 15-minute simmer in stock.

New Mexico
· Condiments
Illustrative South African roosterkoek: small golden, hand-shaped braai breads with irregular grid browning and a soft, cooked crumb.

Roosterkoek (South African braai bread)

Roosterkoek is a small yeast-raised South African bread cooked over gentle braai coals. This enriched dough rises twice and is turned on the grid until browned and cooked through.

South Africa · Traditional method
· Grains and starches
Coarse gomashio made from toasted tan and black sesame seeds with sea salt in a small pale ceramic bowl, with a ridged mortar and wooden pestle behind it.

Gomashio

Toasted sesame seeds and sea salt are ground together into a coarse seasoning for rice. This small pan-roasted batch keeps most of the seed texture.

Japan · Modern method
· Condiments
Illustrative Javanese-style martabak telor parcel, pan-fried golden with a visible beef, egg and leek filling.

Murtabak

A Javanese-style Indonesian savoury parcel of thin rested wheat dough folded around curry-seasoned beef and egg, then cooked in an oiled skillet.

Java · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Thin rosy-red slices of Montréal smoked meat with a visible fat seam and peppered edges on a warm white plate.
High risk

Montréal smoked meat

Montréal smoked meat is a brisket-centred Jewish deli specialty shaped by migration and Montréal's restaurant culture. This entry documents reported commercial traditions and one deli's account; it is not a home-curing method.

Montréal
· Meat
A small ceramic dish holding wrinkled dark brown-black finished Mucor-type douchi beans on a wooden surface.

Mucor-type douchi

A Chinese fermented soybean condiment from Chongqing and Sichuan, made by growing Mucor-type mould on cooked beans, then salting and maturing them into dark, savoury, soft beans with a concentrated aroma.

China · Traditional method
· Legumes and seeds
Photograph of Koikuchi soy sauce.
Elevated risk

Koikuchi soy sauce

Japan's standard all-purpose soy sauce: soybeans and wheat grown over with koji mould, brined, fermented for months, pressed and usually heated into a reddish-brown, savoury liquid.

Japan · Traditional method
· Condiments
A round Pan de Cruz-style household loaf with cross scoring and a compact pale crumb.

Pan de Cruz de Ciudad Real (home adaptation)

This household Pan de Cruz adaptation uses sourdough and a folded, tight-crumb wheat dough, marked with a cross and baked in a home oven.

Campo de Calatrava · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Golden German-style pretzel knots with coarse salt and a soft crumb.

Brezel

This German-style knot pretzel uses a firm yeast dough, a chilled shape, a one-minute baking-soda bath and a deep bake. The method follows Jeffrey Hamelman's home adaptation for King Arthur Baking.

Germany · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Translucent tokoroten strands in a blue-and-white bowl, lightly dressed with vinegar-soy sauce and topped with green laver and mustard.
Elevated risk

Tokoroten (Japanese Seaweed Jelly)

A Japanese jelly made by boiling agar-rich red seaweed, straining the extract and letting it set, then pressing it into strands served with vinegar-soy sauce or sweet syrup.

Japan · Traditional method
· Vegetables
Round Dutch tiger rolls with a golden crackled rice-flour crust and soft crumb.

Tiger rolls (rice-paste crust)

These Dutch-associated wheat rolls carry a yeast-raised rice-flour paste that dries into a split, crunchy crust.

Netherlands · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Soft golden Korean soboro-ppang buns with rugged peanut streusel caps and a fluffy plain crumb.

Soboro-ppang (Jennifer’s 10-bun recipe)

Ten soft, sweet yeast buns with a crisp, peanut butter streusel topping, shaped by hand and baked until golden.

Korea · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Pan de cristal loaves with a crisp golden crust and large open crumb.

Pan de cristal

A Catalan-associated wheat loaf with a very wet dough, pan de cristal develops an open crumb through repeated folds and careful handling.

Catalonia · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
One plain Burmese nan bya: a thin, softly bubbled wheat flatbread cooked on a pan, with light golden marks and no topping.

Nan bya: Sandi Wai’s Burmese plain naan

Sandi Wai’s eight-piece Burmese plain naan uses yeast and baking powder, rests for 30 minutes and cooks on a hot nonstick pan without oil.

Myanmar · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Two wide, golden Greek Lagana loaves topped with sesame seeds on parchment.

Lagana (Diane Kochilas yeast version)

Diane Kochilas’s yeast-raised Lagana makes two wide, sesame-topped loaves for Clean Monday. Her Athens-neighborhood version is distinct from the unleavened Lagana also described in the recipe’s cultural context.

Greece · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Three golden, puffy Emirati khameer breads with sesame seeds; one torn to show its soft interior.

Khameer

A source-specific Emirati yeast-and-baking-powder bread: soft dough enriched with dry milk is rolled into four rounds and baked briefly in a 550°F oven until it puffs.

United Arab Emirates · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Whole glossy chipotle peppers in tomato adobo sauce in a rustic bowl.

Chipotle in adobo

Whole smoked-dried chipotles simmer in a tomato, vinegar and spice adobo: a Mexican condiment with smoky heat and a sauce that seasons the chile as it softens.

Mexico
· Condiments
A glossy golden braided tsoureki loaf topped with almond slivers, on parchment over a wooden table.

Tsoureki (My Greek Dish Easter bread)

Eli K. Giannopoulos’s recipe makes two braided tsourekia with mastic, mahleb and orange, followed by an optional syrup. It is one modern Greek Easter-bread formula, not a universal regional standard.

Greece · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Fully cooked lamb-liver skilpadjies wrapped in crisp caul fat, served with grilled lemon on warm ivory.
Elevated risk

Skilpadjies

South African braai parcels of seasoned lamb liver wrapped in caul fat (netvet), which crisps and renders as the filling cooks.

South Africa
Meat
Finished moist Andhra peanut chutney with tomato and finely chopped raw onion in a plain bowl.

Palli pachadi

A moist Andhra peanut chutney: roasted groundnuts ground with fried dried chillies and tamarind, folded into a roasted tomato-and-spice mix with raw onion, and eaten with khichdi, attu or idli.

Rayalaseema · Traditional method
· Condiments
Pale steamed hua juan flower rolls with scallion layers in a bamboo steamer.

Hua juan

Hua juan are layered wheat rolls shaped into knots and steamed. This version folds scallions and five-spice between the dough layers and makes eight savory buns.

China · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Illustrative sourdough English muffins: griddle-browned rounds with one split to show an irregular airy crumb.

Sourdough English muffins

A soft English muffin dough combines sourdough starter with baker’s yeast, then rises, is cut into rounds and cooks on a griddle. The starter adds tang; the added yeast helps it rise.

United States · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Original editorial photograph of a rounded-top Japanese shokupan made from three joined dough logs, with one slice showing its soft, fine white crumb.

Shokupan

Shokupan is a soft, mildly sweet Japanese wheat loaf served as toast or in sandwiches. This formula makes a square or rounded one-loaf pan bread with a fine, milky crumb.

Japan · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A bowl of Korean miyeok-guk with glossy dark sea mustard and tender beef in clear broth.

Miyeok-guk (Korean Seaweed Soup)

A Korean soup of rehydrated brown seaweed simmered with beef, seafood or a plain seasoned broth, traditionally served after childbirth, on birthdays and as an everyday meal.

Goryeo kingdom, Korean Peninsula · Modern adaptation
· Vegetables
Empty folded lotus-leaf buns in a bamboo steamer, with one plain bun opened to show its pocket.

Lotus-leaf buns (unfilled folded steamed buns)

These twelve Chinese lotus-leaf buns are folded wheat-dough pockets steamed empty for filling after cooking. The recipe uses yeast, a little baking soda and cornstarch; it does not include the assembled gua bao sandwich or its fillings.

China · Modern method
· Grains and starches
A thick, glossy red-brown kinema and tomato achar in a shallow ivory bowl, finished with sliced red onion and coriander.

Kinema tomato achar

Kinema ra golbheda ko achar combines already-fermented soybean kinema with tomatoes, onion, garlic and spices, finished with sesame powder and fresh garnish, and is eaten with rice or toast.

Nepal · Modern method
· Condiments
Three soft golden Dampfnudeln cooked in a dark pan with milk and butter, one showing its caramelized underside.

Dampfnudeln

Allgäu Dampfnudeln are enriched wheat buns proofed in a covered casserole and cooked in milk and butter until the liquid nearly cooks away.

Allgäu · Modern method
· Grains and starches
finished boerewors roll with tomato and onion

Boerie roll

A South African boerie roll puts fully cooked boerewors in a soft bread roll and tops it with warm tomato-and-onion smoor.

South Africa · Traditional method
· Meat
Golden Yemeni bint al-sahn layered bread with black cumin seeds, a modest honey glaze and a cut wedge showing its layers.

Bint al-sahn (Yemeni layered bread with honey)

Bint al-sahn is a Yemeni celebration and home bread built from thin, egg-rich yeast dough layers brushed with ghee or butter. This source-specific version makes one round cake, baked until golden and served warm with honey.

Yemen · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Pale beige Amabito no Moshio seaweed salt in a ceramic dish beside dried hondawara.

Amabito no Moshio

Amabito no Moshio is a modern, pale beige Japanese seaweed salt made from Seto Inland Sea water and hondawara seaweed. Its documented factory method concentrates filtered brine in kettles, then separates and dries the salt.

Kamikamagari Island
· Condiments
A bowl of cooked Welsh laverbread paste, dark olive green to nearly black with a moist, softly textured surface.
Elevated risk

Welsh Laverbread

Welsh laverbread is hand-gathered purple laver slowly cooked to a dark green-black paste, eaten with oatmeal, bacon and cockles or on toast.

Wales · Traditional method
· Vegetables
A stack of thin soft Swedish mjukt tunnbröd with toasted freckles, one folded on a wooden board.

Tunnbröd

Tunnbröd is Sweden’s family of thin, docked flatbreads, baked soft for immediate meals or dried crisp for the pantry. This home recipe follows a northern Swedish soft rye-and-wheat version scented with anise and fennel.

Northern Sweden
· Grains and starches
Smooth dark reddish-brown tamarind-date chutney served in a plain ceramic bowl with a spoon.

Simmered tamarind-date chutney

A sweet-sour cooked chutney of tamarind, dates, jaggery, ginger and roasted cumin. An untested measured batch is given beside four documented Indian formulas and their storage claims.

India · Modern method
· Condiments