Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

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Recipes

Fresh Caribbean green seasoning in a white ceramic bowl with a spoon and herbs.

Caribbean green seasoning

A fresh herb and aromatic paste of chadon beni (culantro), thyme, chives, celery, onion, garlic and peppers, blended with vinegar and water and used as the base for Trinidadian cooking.

Trinidad and Tobago
· Condiments
A pale ruby-pink sparkling strawberry shrub cordial over ice in a clear glass, garnished with strawberry and mint.

Carbonated cordial, shrub or juice

A cold finished drink charged with carbon dioxide in a home carbonator that accepts liquids other than water. Carbonating is not fermentation and does not preserve the drink.

Modern adaptation
Drinks
A smooth reddish-brown tonkatsu-style sauce in a small ivory bowl, with crisp cutlet and shredded cabbage softly behind it.

Quick tonkatsu-style serving sauce

A small-batch, non-fermented tomato, fruit and savoury sauce assembled for crisp tonkatsu and cabbage, inspired by Japanese yoshoku serving traditions.

Japan · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Illustrative assortment of candied citrus peel and glacé fruit, showing examples from the broader syrup-steeping technique rather than one specific batch.

Candied and glacé fruit

Candied fruit is fruit that has been repeatedly steeped in concentrated sugar syrup, which replaces part of its water with sugar, often followed by drying. It differs from fruit served in a thin syrup.

Asia
Fruit
Illustrative jar and bowl of freshly prepared Haitian pikliz with shredded cabbage, carrot, shallot and Scotch bonnet in vinegar-lime brine.
Elevated risk

Pikliz

Pikliz is a Haitian cabbage-and-vegetable condiment pickled with vinegar, citrus and hot peppers. It brings sharp acidity and chilli heat to rich fried foods; its history and shelf life remain unestablished here.

Haiti · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Illustrative context for Alutiiq berry storage: salmonberries, seal oil and a seal-stomach container; sources do not establish the final mixture's appearance.

Berries stored in seal oil

Berries, greens and fish eggs were kept in seal oil by Indigenous Alaskan communities. The oil seals the food from air, and the result depends on preparation and the surrounding conditions.

Kodiak Archipelago, Alaska
Fruit
Open and sealed jars of deep ruby berry jam, shown with fresh berries and sugar.

Berry jam without added pectin

A NCHFP berry jam made without added pectin: crushed berries and sugar are cooked to the desired gel point, hot-filled into sterile half-pint or pint jars, and processed in a boiling-water canner.

United States
· Fruit
Fresh Trinidadian chadon beni sauce, finely flecked and bright green in a plain white bowl beside serrated culantro leaves.

Chadon beni sauce

A bright green Trinidadian hot sauce of chadon beni (shado beni, culantro) with garlic, hot pepper, lime and water, blended to a pourable sauce for grilled meat, wings and eggs.

Trinidad and Tobago
· Condiments
Glossy orange Caribbean mango pepper sauce in a ceramic bowl with ripe mango, habanero and lime.

Caribbean mango pepper sauce

A cooked Caribbean hot sauce of ripe mango, habanero and other hot peppers, onion, garlic and citrus, blended smooth or left chunky.

Caribbean
· Condiments
A small clear glass jug of glossy dark mahogany Caribbean browning syrup, with a wooden spoon holding a little of the liquid.

Caribbean browning (burnt-sugar seasoning)

Caribbean browning is a dark liquid of deeply caramelised sugar, used in small amounts for colour and a smoky, bitter-sweet flavour in stews and black cake.

Jamaica
Condiments
A dark Jamaican Easter spice bun quick-bread loaf with fruit-studded slices and cheddar on a pale platter.

Jamaican Easter spice bun

A Jamaican Easter loaf made from a dark, sweet batter of stout, dried fruit and warm spices. This version uses baking powder and a loaf pan; yeast-raised variations are separate preparations.

Jamaica · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Modern visual interpretation of the four-vegetables-mixed adaptation; not a reconstruction of historical appearance.

Hidatsa four-vegetables-mixed

Do´patsa-makihi´kĕ, or four-vegetables-mixed, combines beans, dried squash, corn meal and sunflower meal in a Hidatsa winter dish. This entry keeps a modern, untested adaptation separate from the historical account.

North Dakota
Freshly mixed thick English hot mustard in a shallow white condiment bowl, with a small dish of mustard powder softly out of focus.

Fresh English hot mustard

Ten grams of English mustard powder stirred with cool water into a thick cream: the plainest, sharpest mustard there is, mixed just before the meal.

Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Illustrative hard-dried split salted cod side on a neutral wooden surface.

Dried salted cod

Cod split, salted and dried on flakes until hard, a long-keeping fish that must be desalted and rehydrated before use; the salting and the extensive drying together make it portable where light salting or partial drying does not.

Newfoundland · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
A glass ramekin of glossy red whole-tomato ketchup beside a plum tomato, onion, garlic and peppercorns on warm ivory.

Whole-tomato ketchup

A rounded house ketchup cooked from tinned plum tomatoes, onion, vinegar, sugar and a little warm spice, then blended, sieved and reduced to about 600 g.


· Condiments
Pakistani-style mango achar: firm green mango pieces coated in red chilli, turmeric, fenugreek and fennel, glossy with mustard oil in a ceramic bowl.
Elevated risk

Pakistani mango pickle

This Pakistani pickle coats firm green mango with chilli, turmeric, fenugreek, fennel and mustard oil. Its published sun-exposure schedule records a household method, but does not validate shelf-stable storage.

Pakistan · Traditional method
· Condiments
Illustrative reconstruction of simply cooked bunya-nut meal cakes beside bunya kernels and ground meal; the source does not record an exact formula.

Bunya nut storage (barnji, bon-yi)

Bunya nuts were cooked and kept in wet ground or water by peoples of south-eastern Queensland, and were also roasted, ground and pressed into cakes that could be cooked again and stored for later use.

South-eastern Queensland · Traditional method
A fresh white Corsican Brocciu cheese, softly molded into a truncated cone on an ivory plate.

Brocciu

Corsican Brocciu is a whey cheese made by heating sheep's or goat's whey with whole milk and salt, then gently draining the flocculated curds. It is eaten fresh or salted and ripened as Brocciu passu.

Corsica · Traditional method
Dairy
A bowl of contemporary Sámi bidus, a reindeer stew with potatoes and carrots.

Bidus (Sámi reindeer stew)

Ann-Kristine Bongo's four-serving bidus from Sami Siida in Alta is a contemporary, festive reindeer stew simmered with onion, carrots and potatoes.

Alta · Traditional method
· Meat
A small bowl of creamy tan toasted sesame dipping sauce with a spoon on a warm ivory surface.

Toasted sesame dipping sauce, without mayonnaise

A sesame-rich goma-dare-style dipping sauce made by loosening toasted sesame paste with water, soy sauce, rice vinegar and sugar; this original development formula remains untested.

Japan
Condiments
Photograph of Sun-dried mushrooms.
Elevated risk

Sun-dried mushrooms

Sun-dried mushrooms are mushrooms spread in open sunlight and left to lose their water to solar heat and moving air, a method recorded in Nigeria, Tanzania, Mexico and among Algerian desert truffle gatherers.

Nigeria
Whole dill pickles in a glass jar of vinegar brine, with fresh cucumbers and dill beside it.
High risk

Quick fresh-pack dill pickles

Whole small cucumbers are soaked in a measured salt solution, packed with dill and mustard seed, then covered with a boiling 5% vinegar brine and processed in a boiling-water canner.

United States · Modern method
· Condiments
finished whole-muscle biltong
High risk

Biltong

Strips of whole-muscle beef or game seasoned with salt, vinegar, roasted coriander and pepper and air-dried without cooking, sold anywhere from soft and moist to hard and very salty.

South Africa · Traditional method
· Meat
Interpretive view of an irregular pale bog-butter mass in a carved wooden container resting on peat; an archaeological find, not a modern edible product.

Bog butter

Butter packed into wooden containers and buried in cool, wet peat in Ireland and Scotland, a practice known from finds that may reflect storage, concealment or ritual.

Ireland
Dairy
Glossy orange-red Buffalo sauce in a white ceramic ramekin.

Buffalo sauce

A warm, buttery cayenne sauce made by melting butter into a hot pepper sauce, first tossed onto fried chicken wings in Buffalo, New York.

Buffalo, New York
· Condiments
Creamy British bread sauce in a ceramic bowl with roast poultry in the background

Bread sauce

Bread sauce is a British sauce of milk infused with onion, clove and bay, thickened with stale breadcrumbs and finished with butter, served with roast chicken or turkey.

Britain
· Condiments
Fresh coriander-mint green chutney in a white bowl, with coriander, mint, green chilli and lime arranged nearby.

Coriander-mint green chutney

A fresh, uncooked green chutney blended from coriander, mint, chilli and citrus. This measured development batch is untested and intended for prompt serving.

India · Modern method
· Condiments
Illustrative bowl of finished cooked-yolk mayonnaise; this image does not document a tested batch.
Elevated risk

Cooked mayonnaise

A cooked-yolk mayonnaise documented in the University of Tennessee Extension’s 2007 Egg University Handbook. The egg mixture is heated before oil is emulsified into it.

United States · Modern method
· Condiments
Golden, irregularly shaped boortsog fried pastries in a ceramic bowl, with a few twisted and rectangular pieces beside it.

Boortsog (Mongolian unyeasted fried pastry)

Firm Mongolian fried pastries made from an unyeasted wheat dough enriched with butter and sweetened with sugar; the dense dough is rested, cut or knotted, and fried until golden.

Mongolia · Traditional method
· Grains and starches
Thick pale lime mayonnaise with fine green zest flecks in a white bowl, with fresh lime and Mexican-style grilled corn as serving context.
Elevated risk

Lime mayonnaise

An untested mayonnaise variation that replaces part of a neutral base’s vinegar with lime juice and finishes with optional lime zest.

Mexico · Modern method
· Condiments
A clear glass of white Turkish ayran topped with a soft cap of foam.

Ayran

Ayran is Turkey’s cold, savoury yogurt drink: plain yogurt is loosened with water and lightly salted, then whisked smooth or aerated into a soft cap of foam.

Turkey · Traditional method
· Dairy
Thai-style cooked red chilli-garlic sauce, smooth and glossy in an unbranded terracotta bowl with ripe red chillies and garlic.

Thai-style cooked sriracha sauce

Red chillies and garlic simmer in distilled vinegar, then blend with sugar and salt into a smooth, sharp, sweet-hot table sauce associated with Thailand’s Si Racha coast.

Si Racha · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
A bowl of smooth cooked brick-red sambal terasi with a subtle oil sheen, with red chiles, shallots, garlic and toasted shrimp paste nearby.
Elevated risk

Sambal terasi (West Java)

This documented West Java sambal grinds cooked red and bird’s-eye chiles with garlic, shallots and fermented shrimp paste, then simmers the paste before serving.

West Java
· Condiments
Original editorial photograph of pale, opaque sake-lees amazake in a ceramic cup beside the saucepan used to heat it. Illustrative, not a commercial product or the Inaba Brewery batch; residual alcohol may remain.

Sake-Lees Amazake

A Japanese sweet drink made by dissolving sake lees in hot water and adding sugar, often with ginger or salt; it carries flavours and alcohol from sake brewing but normally undergoes no new fermentation.

Japan · Traditional method
· Drinks
Illustrative golden-orange Bajan mustard pepper sauce with red pepper flecks in a shallow white bowl beside one whole Scotch bonnet.

Bajan mustard pepper sauce

Bajan pepper sauce is a Barbadian hot sauce that blends Scotch bonnet peppers with mustard and vinegar, often with onion, turmeric and oil. Its heat and sharpness come from both the chile and the mustard, which sets it apart from a plain pepper vinegar.

Barbados
Condiments
A shallow ceramic bowl of thick golden-orange cooked ripe-mango amba with fine spice flecks.

Amba (ripe mango)

This cooked amba follows a Jewish Food Society recipe that simmers ripe mango with onion, garlic, mustard seed and warm spices into a tangy Middle Eastern condiment.

Iraq
· Condiments
Uttarakhand til ki chutney, a finely ground tan sesame-and-cumin paste with sparse green-chilli flecks.

Til ki chutney

Til ki chutney is a sesame-and-cumin condiment from an Uttarakhand cuisine collection: the seeds are roasted, finely ground with salt and green chillies, then mixed with lemon juice. The book describes it as a winter preparation.

Uttarakhand Himalayas · Traditional method
· Condiments
A small stack of thin Acadian ployes with a pale, lacy top full of holes and golden cooked undersides.

Ployes

A thin buckwheat-and-wheat batter, loosened with cold and hot water, cooked on one side until lacy holes form and the top sets.

Northern Maine · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A bowl of smooth, glossy neutral mayonnaise with a spoon and its ingredients alongside.

Neutral classic mayonnaise

A plain mayonnaise of 200 g refined neutral oil emulsified into pasteurised yolk, vinegar, water and a little Dijon mustard: a clean base for tasting, comparing and flavouring.

Menorca
Condiments
Photograph of Portable soup.

Portable soup

Meat stock simmered, strained and reduced until a gelatin-rich mass sets, then dried into solid cakes that dissolve in water; a concentrated provision of the early modern naval period.

Europe · Traditional method
· Meat
Pale glossy beurre blanc spooned over white fish with asparagus
Elevated risk

Beurre blanc

Beurre blanc is a warm emulsion of cold butter whisked into a reduction of white wine, vinegar or lemon juice and shallot, a sauce from the Loire Valley and its red-wine version, beurre rouge.

Saint-Julien-de-Concelles
· Condiments
A thick amber-brown raisin and tart-fruit chutney in a plain bowl with a corked glass bottle, recalling Eliza Acton’s 1845 British receipt.

Bengal chetney sauce

Eliza Acton's Bengal receipt for chetney sauce: stoned raisins and a hard acid fruit pounded with brown sugar, ginger, salt, cayenne and garlic, then thinned with vinegar to the consistence of thick cream.

United Kingdom
Condiments
Smooth ivory béchamel sauce with nutmeg in a shallow ceramic bowl, coating a spoon.

Bechamel sauce

Bechamel is a white sauce of milk thickened with a butter and flour roux, one of the French mother sauces, and the base from which Mornay and other cheese and cream sauces are made.

France
· Condiments
Three Somali basbaas sauce variants: fresh green chilli, coconut, and cooked tomato-date chutney.

Basbaas

Basbaas is the Somali word for chilli and the name of a family of hot sauces served at the table, so each diner can set the heat. Green, coconut and tomato-based versions are all called basbaas.

Somalia
Condiments
Four golden Brazilian pão de queijo buns, one cut open to show its airy interior, on an ivory plate.

Pão de queijo: Ricardo Gonzalez's version

Scooped tapioca-starch buns made by scalding the starch, then beating in garlic, cheese and eggs. This named version has no dough-fermentation stage.

Brazil · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Illustrative bowl of thick amber-brown banana ketchup with ripe banana, chilli and garlic nearby.

Banana ketchup in a Filipino-inspired direction

A sweet-hot table sauce of ripe banana simmered with vinegar, sugar, onion, garlic and fresh chilli, in the manner of Philippine banana ketchup. An untested development batch of about 500 g.

Philippines
· Condiments
Coarse dark red Ata dindin fried pepper sauce in a shallow ceramic bowl.

Ata dindin

Ata dindin is the Yoruba fried pepper sauce: chillies, red bell pepper and onion blended and cooked down in oil until the oil separates. The same name is also given to a finished stew built on it.

Yorubaland
· Condiments
Plain salted Dominican sour-orange agrio in a clear bottle with fresh sour oranges and salt.

Agrio de naranja

A Dominican table and seasoning condiment of sour orange juice, mixed with lime and salt and bottled raw; garlic, oregano or a hot pepper may be added for meat or a spicier bottle.

Dominican Republic
· Condiments
Traditional-style alpaca charqui in irregular dried pieces with bone visible.
Elevated risk

Alpaca charqui

Alpaca charqui is Andean dried meat, made from camelid meat exposed to hot sun by day and frost by night at high altitude, the ancestor of the modern word jerky.

High-altitude Andean puna
Meat