Recipes

1504 records with their sources, across 11 categories.

Recipes

Illustrative quick yuzu ponzu in a ceramic dipping dish, garnished with yuzu zest; the exact recipe combines yuzu, soy, vinegar, mirin, kombu and bonito.

Quick yuzu ponzu

This quick ponzu combines soy sauce, vinegar, hon mirin, kombu, dried bonito and yuzu juice after a brief boil and a warm extraction; the recipe serves five.

Japan · Modern method
· Condiments
Clear amber mentsuyu noodle dipping sauce in a small glass bowl, with dried kombu and bonito flakes beside it.

Mentsuyu (noodle dipping sauce)

Mentsuyu seasons Japanese noodles with dashi, soy sauce and mirin. Two home formulas are recorded here: a 2012 light-soy and bonito sauce, and a concentrate diluted 1:2 for dipping or 1:4 for hot soup.

Japan
· Condiments
Illustrative image of dark smoked kitoza strips on a plain plate; not evidence of a particular batch.
Elevated risk

Kitoza

A documentary account of Malagasy salted meat strips, commonly dried, smoked or both; it does not provide a validated home-preservation recipe.

Madagascar · Traditional method
· Meat
Photograph of Tsukudani.

Tsukudani

Japanese seasoned reduction in which ingredients such as shiitake or fish are simmered in soy sauce and sweeteners until the liquid is absorbed and a concentrated, storable condiment remains.

Japan
finished tomato and onion smoor

Tomato and onion smoor

A thick South African tomato-and-onion relish simmered slowly and served warm with boerewors, pap or bread.

South Africa · Traditional method
· Condiments
A sealed half-pint jar of small whole button mushrooms in the NCHFP-style oil-and-vinegar marinade with visible pimento, onion, herbs, garlic and peppercorns.
High risk

Marinated mushrooms

Small whole button mushrooms cooked in an acid and oil marinade and sealed in half-pint jars for shelf storage, using the tested US home-canning method.

United States
A bowl of smooth pale green kaya with a spoon and toast on a warm breakfast table.
Elevated risk

Kaya

Kaya is a sweet Malay-rooted spread of eggs, coconut milk and sugar, scented with pandan and stirred over gentle heat until it thickens. In Singapore it is the filling of kaya toast.

Singapore · Traditional method
· Condiments
A fully visible bowl of glossy orange-red Thai sweet chilli sauce with chilli and garlic flecks, centered on a wooden table.

Cooked sweet chilli sauce

A cooked Thai-style sweet chilli dip combines red chillies, garlic, sugar and vinegar, then uses a small cornflour slurry to give this batch a glossy, spoonable body.

Thailand
Original coarse Bavarian-style sweet mustard served in a plain bowl, showing visible yellow and brown mustard seeds.

Bavarian sweet-inspired mustard

A coarse, sweet Bavarian-style mustard of yellow and brown seed in a cooked brown-sugar and vinegar base, made to eat with Weisswurst; an original refrigerated formula.

Bavaria · Modern adaptation
· Condiments
Photograph of Tinapa.
Elevated risk

Tinapa

Filipino smoked fish, most often scad, sardinella or milkfish, brined and smoked, and eaten whole or flaked into other dishes.

Philippines · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Photograph of Soijim.
Elevated risk

Soijim

The sour liquid that forms during Manipuri Soidon fermentation, kept to start the next batch and used to sour curries.

Manipur, India
Photograph of Mushroom powder.

Mushroom powder

Mushroom powder is dried mushroom tissue ground to a fine powder and added to gravies and sauces. Victorian cooks made it from fresh cultivated mushrooms when fresh ones were not to hand.

England
Thin golden-brown Swedish rye-and-wheat crispbreads, fork-pricked and lightly flecked with caraway, stacked on an ivory plate.

Knäckebröd

A Swedish home batch of eight thin rye-and-wheat crispbreads, yeast-risen once and baked until hard.

Sweden · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Fresh Hawaiian poi, a smooth pale lavender taro paste, shown in a plain ceramic bowl.
Elevated risk

Fresh poi

This modern introductory batch boils 500 g edible taro, then pounds it with water into fresh poi. It stops before fermentation and makes no preservation claim.

Hawaiʻi · Modern adaptation
· Vegetables
A small ceramic bowl of smooth pale-golden Czech-style prepared mustard with a plain spoon beside it.

Classic Czech prepared mustard

A mild, creamy Czech-style table mustard made from ground seed, vinegar, water, salt and a little sweetness. This home version follows a Czech Television formula and is not a copy of SPAK’s proprietary product.

Czechia
Thick pale eggless Catalan allioli in a yellow ceramic mortar, with its wooden pestle, garlic and olive oil nearby.

Allioli (Catalan garlic emulsion)

Traditional Catalan allioli is a dense emulsion of garlic, olive oil and salt made slowly in a mortar. This measured Barcelona-style version keeps egg-based garlic mayonnaise distinct.


· Condiments
Three elongated golden Afghan naans with lengthwise grooves and nigella and sesame on an ivory platter.

Afghan naan

A long oval Afghan wheat bread, leavened with yeast, grooved along its length and baked until crisp outside and chewy within.

Afghanistan · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A modern illustrative reconstruction of Hypotrimma: a thick cheese condiment with herbs, pine nuts, raisins and dates in a stoneware bowl.

Hypotrimma

Hypotrimma was a Roman condiment in Apicius's cookery book, a mixture of ground pepper, herbs, nuts, dried fruit, cheese, honey and fish sauce.

Rome
Condiments
Bakalar na bijelo, a pale stockfish and potato spread with parsley, served in an ivory bowl.
Elevated risk

Bakalar na bijelo

An Istrian festive spread of cooked stockfish beaten with olive oil and garlic until pale and cohesive, here bulked out with hand-mashed floury potato.

Istria · Traditional method
· Fish and seafood
Illustrative modern reconstruction of poached stockfish with a coarse walnut, garlic and bread sauce, based on the ingredients and mortar method in Ashmole MS 1439. The source records no historical serving appearance.
Elevated risk

Stockfish in walnut sauce (medieval)

The second stockfish sauce from a fifteenth-century English manuscript: walnuts, garlic, bread, pepper and salt ground in a mortar and loosened with the fish's own broth.

England · Modern adaptation
· Fish and seafood
Illustrative heap of whole dried charales in an ivory dish.
Elevated risk

Dried charales (charales secos)

Small central-Mexican lake silversides, Chirostoma spp., dried whole and sometimes salted, then fried, roasted or simmered into Lenten tortitas and snacks.

Jalisco · Traditional method
Fish and seafood
An interpretive gouache illustration of cooked stockfish under a hot, light verjuice and fish-broth sauce with chopped parsley; the fifteenth-century manuscript supports these ingredients and serving form, not this exact plate.
Elevated risk

Stockfish in verjuice sauce (medieval)

A fifteenth-century English way to serve cooked stockfish: strained fish broth boiled with chopped parsley, powdered ginger and a little verjuice, then poured hot over the fish.

England · Modern adaptation
· Fish and seafood
A tall pale-lavender poi bread-machine loaf with two slices showing its crumb.

Poi (taro) bread-machine loaf

A sweet bread-machine loaf adapted from HI Cookery's version of poi bread, with poi or cooked mashed taro, butter and egg.

Hawaiʻi · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
A portion of firm, deep red-brown wind-dried salmon strips on a plain plate.
High risk

Fraser Canyon wind-dried salmon

Salmon opened, scored and hung on roofed racks in the dry canyon winds of the Fraser River: slhíts'es in Stó:lō documentation, sts'wan in St'át'imc records.

Fraser River watershed · Traditional method
Fish and seafood
A golden Coppia Ferrarese loaf with four long twisted bread horns joined at a soft central knot.

Coppia ferrarese (VisitFerrara home recipe)

Ferrara’s paired bread twists have four pointed horns joined at a soft centre. This VisitFerrara home recipe uses type 0 flour, water, oil, lard, malt and a choice of sourdough or yeast.

Ferrara
· Grains and starches
Illustrative Guimaras guinamos shrimp paste in an earthenware bowl; the image depicts the documented product, not a validated household process.
Elevated risk

Guimaras guinamos

Guinamos is a shrimp paste made on Guimaras in the Philippines: small shrimp salted by hand, sun-dried and trodden by foot until it turns smooth.

Barangay Morobuan, Jordan, Guimaras
A golden Agege bread loaf with a slice showing its soft, fine crumb and small rolls behind it.

Agege bread (soft home-style variation)

This softer home-style Agege bread uses a scalded flour paste, an enriched yeast dough and a 9×5-inch loaf pan, with rolls from the extra dough.

Nigeria · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Pantelleria capers preserved in sea salt, served in a shallow ivory dish.

Cappero di Pantelleria

A protected Sicilian product: unopened caper buds from the island of Pantelleria, dry-salted with sea salt in a two-stage process that encourages lactic fermentation.

Pantelleria · Traditional method
Vegetables
Glossy whole kumquats gently simmered in sugar syrup, served in a ceramic bowl.

Kinkan no kanroni: sweet-simmered kumquats

Whole kumquats are slit, blanched and simmered gently in fresh water and sugar until the peel softens and the liquid thickens. This Imari municipal recipe gives a sugar range rather than a fixed ratio.

Imari City
· Fruit
Golden-brown barley-wheat paximadi slices, twice-baked until dry and crisp, on a plain ceramic plate.

Cretan barley paximadi

Cretan paximadi is a twice-baked rusk. This barley-wheat version is raised with yeast, baked as a loaf, sliced, and dried slowly until it keeps.

Greece
Grains and starches
Illustrative photograph of Sri Lankan roast paan (thati paan): folded, browned yeast-bread pieces with a soft crumb.

Sri Lankan roast paan (thati paan)

A lean Sri Lankan yeast bread baked as joined flat pieces, separated after the first bake, then grilled on both sides for its crisp crust.

Sri Lanka
· Grains and starches
Clear golden-amber Vietnamese fish sauce in a plain white ceramic bowl on a warm ivory background.
High risk

Fish sauce

Fish sauce is a clear, salty seasoning made by maturing fish with salt and drawing off the liquid. The broad family includes distinct regional sauces rather than one interchangeable method.

Phú Quốc
· Fish and seafood
A clear tumbler of finished pale cream Northern Nigerian pearl-millet kunu zaki.
Elevated risk

Northern Nigerian pearl-millet kunu zaki

A thick, spiced northern Nigerian drink of pearl millet in which only part of the fermented slurry is cooked, so raw starch and gelatinised starch are recombined.

Northern Nigeria · Modern method
· Drinks
Plain thick strained Greek yogurt labneh in a small white ceramic bowl, representing the separately sourced refrigerated Soframiz method.
Elevated risk

Labneh (Soframiz refrigerated method)

A cold-drained labneh method excerpted from the Soframiz cookbook: plain whole-milk Greek yogurt is lightly pressed in cheesecloth and refrigerated overnight, up to two days. This is distinct from Gavin Webber’s 2018 cupboard-drained batch.

Modern adaptation
· Dairy
A small round pressed block of fresh white lemon paneer on a plain ceramic plate.
Elevated risk

Lemon paneer

A half-gallon milk batch is coagulated with lemon juice, rinsed and pressed into fresh paneer for sweets or savoury dishes.

Modern adaptation
· Dairy
A clear glass bottle of amber colatura di alici beside a small wooden Cetara barrel, with anchovies softly out of focus.
High risk

Colatura di alici di Cetara

Colatura di alici is the amber liquid drained from salted anchovies matured in wooden containers in Cetara, on the Amalfi coast of Campania, and sold under a protected designation of origin.

Cetara
Fish and seafood
A glossy, anise-speckled mosbolletjies pull-apart loaf made of six round buns, one separated to show the soft crumb.

Mosbolletjies (grape-juice and yeast buns)

This modern South African mosbolletjies recipe uses white grape juice and instant yeast in an anise-scented enriched dough. It makes two pull-apart loaves; grape juice with commercial yeast is not the traditional fermenting-must leaven.

South Africa · Modern adaptation
· Grains and starches
Pale, lightly flour-dusted Northern French faluches with soft white crumb

Faluche of Northern France

A pale, softly baked, low-profile bread associated with northern France and Tournai. This source-specific household method makes four large faluches; it differs from older accounts of leftover bread dough baked during communal bread baking.

Nord and Pas-de-Calais · Traditional method
· Grains and starches
A finished round no-knead sourdough boule with a cross-scored crust and a slice showing the open crumb.

No-knead sourdough loaf

A ripe sourdough starter leavens this modern low-handling loaf. Three hourly folds organize the sticky dough before a long refrigerator rest, final proof and covered bake.

United States · Modern method
· Grains and starches
Plain glossy natto in a small dark blue ceramic bowl, with fine sticky strands between cooked soybeans.
Elevated risk

Natto with half-pack starter in a yogurt maker

Pressure-steamed soybeans are mixed with half a retail natto pack, held in a yogurt maker, and chilled; the creator reports a yield of about 300 g.

Modern method
· Legumes and seeds
Illustrative editorial image of six separate achar variants described in the Matiari study; not a photograph of the study batches.

Fermented achar from rural Matiari, Sindh

A 2025 study in rural Matiari, Sindh, describes five fermented achar preparations of radish, carrot, onion, mango and lemon with chilli. The shared method quantities do not give a per-food recipe.

Matiari, Sindh
Photograph of Samoan breadfruit masi.

Samoan breadfruit masi

Samoan breadfruit masi is a preserved breadfruit paste kept in a leaf-lined pit, then kneaded, shaped into loaves and baked. FAO describes it at Western Samoa scale only.

Western Samoa
Photograph of Samoan banana masi faʻi.

Samoan banana masi faʻi

Masi faʻi is a Western Samoan food of unripe bananas preserved in a leaf-lined pit, later made into loaves and baked. The FAO account gives no storage conditions or validated process.

Western Samoa
Finished phak sian dong, wilted fermented spider-plant tips and flowers lightly glistening with brine in a plain white bowl.

Phak sian dong (pickled spider plant)

Phak sian dong is a Thai pickle of spider-plant tips and flowers (Cleome gynandra), salted and packed with cooked rice. Northeastern Thai and Lao Khrang accounts give different methods.

Northeastern Thailand
Steamed Norwegian pinnekjøtt lamb ribs with boiled potatoes and kålrotstappe on a plain ceramic plate.
Elevated risk

Norwegian pinnekjøtt

Norwegian Christmas lamb ribs, salted, matured and dried, then soaked and steamed over birch twigs. Smoked and unsmoked versions are both made.

Western Norway (Vestlandet) · Traditional method
· Meat
Photograph of Shoyu-koji.

Shoyu-koji

A Japanese kitchen condiment of rice koji matured in soy sauce until the grains turn soft and sweet. The same name also means the mould-grown soybean and wheat used to brew soy sauce.

Japan · Modern method
· Condiments
Illustrative finished Newfoundland dried salt cod: a split cod side with a pale, salt-crusted surface on a weathered flake board.
Elevated risk

Newfoundland dried salt cod

Atlantic cod split, salted and dried on raised flakes along the Newfoundland and Labrador shore, manufactured ashore for markets across the Atlantic.

Newfoundland and Labrador · Traditional method
Fish and seafood
A coarse red-orange bowl of Mazavaroo, a Mauritian chilli paste with visible chilli flecks and seeds.

Mazavaroo

Mazavaroo is a Mauritian hot chilli paste of fresh chillies, garlic, salt and oil with lemon or lime. It is kept refrigerated, and the reviewed recipes say it should rest for days before use.

Mauritius
Condiments
Photograph of Pueblo horno bread, home-oven formula.

Pueblo horno bread, home-oven formula

The National Park Service gives a two-loaf yeast bread for a home oven, set beside its account of Pueblo hornos. The home formula is not a horno firing process, which varies by village and family.

United States
Illustrative serving of Shiga funazushi, sliced Lake Biwa crucian carp with orange roe on a ceramic platter
High risk

Narezushi (funazushi)

A documentary account of funazushi, Shiga’s long-ripened narezushi associated with Lake Biwa and roe-bearing nigorobuna. It preserves regional, historical and cultural context; it is not a household preparation guide.

Shiga Prefecture
Fish and seafood