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Ingredients

1086 articles on substrates, cultures and additives.

All mushrooms436Edible mushrooms339Brittlegills25Truffles20Milkcaps17Termite mushrooms17Fungi7Morels4Stinkhorn fungi4Lichens3

Edible mushrooms

339 ingredients

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Mushrooms

Termitomyces robustus

Termitomyces robustus is an African termite mushroom that grows on termite mounds, is eaten cooked in several countries, and has not been cultivated by people.

Two whole pink-scaled mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display pale flesh and yellow-olive pores on an ivory background.
Other

Boletellus ananas

Boletellus ananas, the pineapple bolete, is a forest bolete of Guyana that one Patamona group eats and others avoid; a researcher reported mild stomach upset after eating it, so it is not a recommended edible.

Two whole brown-capped morels and two lengthwise halves revealing hollow pale stems sit on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Eastern half-free morel

The eastern half-free morel, Morchella punctipes, is a wild morel of eastern North American forests that is eaten after cooking. Raw or undercooked morels can cause serious poisoning.

Two whole cream-colored cauliflower mushroom clusters and two halves sit on a warm ivory surface in soft natural light.
Mushrooms

Asian cauliflower mushroom

The Asian cauliflower mushroom, Sparassis latifolia, is a cultivated fungus with a frilled, fronded form that is eaten in China, Japan and Korea. Many Asian records under the name Sparassis crispa refer to this species.

Three whole tan-brown Iwatake lichen thalli with dark curled margins rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Iwatake

Iwatake, Umbilicaria esculenta, is a rock-dwelling lichen from East Asia, eaten in Japan, Korea and China after extensive preparation.

Two whole sheep polypore mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display cream lobed caps, pale pores and white flesh against a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Sheep polypore

Albatrellus ovinus is a firm, terrestrial polypore of conifer woods in northern Europe. Nordic guides describe it as edible when young and clean, and it is often confused with the fused polypore.

Three whole orange milkcap mushrooms with green-stained caps and one lengthwise half showing pale and red-orange flesh rest on an ivory background.
Mushrooms

Semi-bloody milkcap

Lactarius semisanguifluus is a pine-associated milkcap with orange latex that turns wine-red in air. Nordic sources call it edible but seldom gathered; it is kept distinct from L. sanguifluus.

Two whole salmon-pink mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show white flesh, gills, stems and soil-flecked bulbous bases on a warm ivory background.
Other

Amanita pudica

Amanita pudica is a wild rainforest fungus of Tshopo Province in the DR Congo, recorded as locally eaten in interviews. The genus contains deadly poisonous species, so identification by a specialist is essential.

Three whole golden-orange mushrooms with curved yellow stems and one lengthwise-halved specimen rest on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Tricholomopsis aurea

A wild forest fungus of the Tshopo province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, recorded in local interviews as eaten. The species name is a research label, and no preparation is established.

Two whole shaggy tan mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show pale flesh, cream gills and short stems on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Hairy sawgill

A wood-rotting bracket fungus of Brazil and Guyana that Indigenous Amazonian communities eat as a staple. Its edibility is contested in some field guides, and no standardised food-safety assessment exists.

A small group of thin yellow fan-shaped fungi with ruffled edges rests on a warm ivory surface in soft natural light.
Mushrooms

Cotylidia aurantiaca

A forest wood-decay fungus of the Tshopo province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, recorded in local interviews as eaten. The name is a research label and no preparation is established.

Three orange cup fungi with fine pale hairs and slender cream stalks stand on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Cookeina speciosa

A forest cup fungus of the Tshopo province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, recorded in local interviews as eaten. The species-level preparation is not established.

Whole and lengthwise-halved mushrooms with brown-scaled pale caps, white gills and thick white stems rest on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Tricholoma fulvocastaneum

A forest mushroom of Yunnan in China, sold in regional markets as a relative of matsutake. It grows with Fagaceae trees, has a lower market value than matsutake, and its edibility needs species-level review.

Three whole yellow-stemmed mushrooms with yellow-orange caps stand on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Amanita rubroflava

A wild Amanita recorded from China in a 2026 checklist of edible and medicinal fungi. The genus holds deadly species, so this page gives no identification or edibility verdict.

Two whole tan morels and two lengthwise halves showing hollow interiors rest on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Diminutive morel

Morchella diminutiva is a yellow true morel described in 2012 from eastern North America. Sources report it as a culinary morel that must be cooked; this page is not an identification guide.

Two whole tan mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show pale flesh and crowded pinkish cream gills on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Lepista rhodotoides

Lepista rhodotoides is a forest saprotrophic agaric recorded as locally eaten in interview-based surveys in Tshopo province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Two whole brown-capped mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show pale flesh and yellow pores on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Weeping bolete

Suillus granulatus, the weeping bolete, is a pine-associated bolete of Europe and of pine regions where it was introduced, recorded as cooked or preserved.

Two whole tan morels and one lengthwise half showing its hollow interior rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Cryptic yellow morel

Morchella cryptica, the cryptic yellow morel, is a true morel of North America's Great Lakes region that cannot be told apart from Morchella americana by appearance alone.

Two whole slippery jack mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show glossy brown caps, yellow pores and cream flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Slippery jack

Suillus luteus, the slippery jack, is a pine-associated bolete recorded as cooked, dried or pickled in Europe and in pine plantations on several continents.

Fresh orange club-shaped Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies sit beside a small pile of dried specimens on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Cordyceps militaris

Cordyceps militaris is an insect-pathogenic fungus that is cultivated in China on controlled substrates for food and supplements.

Two whole brown mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show cream gills and pale flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Lactarius kabansus

Lactarius kabansus, the African milkcap, is an ectomycorrhizal mushroom of miombo woodland that has long been recorded as food in central and southern Africa.

Two whole pale tan mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display their gills, pale flesh and brown stems on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Rick's oyster mushroom

Pleurotus rickii, Rick's oyster mushroom, is a rare wood-decaying oyster fungus of the southern Atlantic Forest and Yungas, listed as Near Threatened.

Illustrative reconstruction of Cortinarius xiphidipus (pie largo) based on published morphology; not an identification guide or edibility endorsement.
Mushrooms

Cortinarius xiphidipus

Cortinarius xiphidipus, the Patagonian webcap, is a mycorrhizal mushroom of Nothofagus forests in Patagonia with a published regional consumption record.

Two whole brown morels and two lengthwise halves showing pale flesh and hollow interiors sit on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Snyder's morel

Morchella snyderi, Snyder's morel, is a true morel found under conifers in western North America in spring. It is eaten only well cooked, because raw or undercooked morels can cause serious illness.

Two whole orange lobster mushrooms and two lengthwise halves showing ivory flesh rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Lobster mushroom

The lobster mushroom, Hypomyces lactifluorum, is a parasitic fungus that turns a white milk-cap or brittlegill orange-red and is gathered as a wild food in North America. Its host species must be identified too.

Two whole king oyster mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show brown caps, pale gills, and solid white flesh against a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

King oyster

Pleurotus eryngii, the king oyster, is a fungus native to the Mediterranean region and now grown widely on sawdust and straw. Its firm stems and caps are cooked, and the species is one of the most farmed mushrooms worldwide.

Two whole brown-scaled mushrooms and one lengthwise half showing white flesh and pinkish-brown gills sit on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Scaly wood mushroom

Agaricus langei, the scaly wood mushroom, is a brown-scaled woodland agaric. Its name is not settled across sources, and it is recorded as a cooked wild mushroom in Europe.

Two whole brown-scaled mushrooms and two lengthwise halves showing cream flesh and pale gills rest on a warm ivory surface.
Other

Mesoamerican matsutake

The Mesoamerican matsutake, Tricholoma mesoamericanum, is a wild mushroom of the highlands of central Mexico, prized in Oaxaca and now overharvested and declining.

Two whole red bracket fungi and two lengthwise halves showing pink flesh rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Southern beefsteak fungus

Fistulina antarctica is a bracket fungus of Nothofagus forests in Patagonia. Local people have long eaten it. The regional food record is not a full toxicity evaluation, so its species concept needs local checking.

Two whole pinkmottle woodwax mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display mottled pink-red caps, pale gills and white flesh against a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Pinkmottle woodwax

Hygrophorus russula, the pinkmottle woodwax, is a firm mycorrhizal mushroom of broadleaf woods in southern Europe and Guatemala. It is used cooked or preserved, and field guides differ on its quality.

Two whole lilac mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show their caps, crowded gills and fibrous stems on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Sordid blewit

Collybia sordida, formerly Lepista sordida, is a leaf-litter and grassland mushroom. Foraging guides list it as edible. The catalogue's Brazilian record does not establish a food-safety assessment.

Three whole tan mushrooms and two lengthwise halves rest on a warm ivory surface, showing pale gills, flesh and slender stems.
Mushrooms

Fairy-ring champignon

Marasmius oreades is a small grassland mushroom that forms fairy rings. It is used for cooking and drying in Europe and Mexico. Toxic grassland lookalikes occur, so growth in rings is not an edibility test.

Two whole milkcap mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display mottled grey-buff caps, orange-brown gills and pale flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Quiet milkcap

Lactarius quieticolor is a milkcap of pine plantations and pine woods in Europe, recorded as food in Brazil. The name quiet milkcap is a catalogue label, and documented use does not amount to a safety assessment.

Whole pale truffles rest on red sand beside a white plate of browned fried truffles and pale slices against a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Kalahari truffle

Kalaharituber pfeilii is an underground truffle of the Kalahari and adjacent drylands. San and Khoisan people have gathered and eaten it, and it is sold in Namibian markets.

Two whole brown wrinkled-cap mushrooms with stout netted stems and one lengthwise half showing pale flesh and pores rest on an ivory background.
Mushrooms

Wrinkled-cap Chinese porcini

Boletus reticuloceps is a porcini-group bolete first described from Yunnan, China. A Chinese species catalogue lists it as edible, but the sources reviewed here give no culinary tradition or safety study for it.

Three whole ochre and pink-blushed false truffles and two pale cut halves rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Blushing false truffle

Blushing false truffle, Rhizopogon roseolus, is a pine-associated false truffle. It is recorded as a food in Europe and in Japan, where it is called shoro. Its food use depends on maturity, and its name needs checking.

Two whole pale king tuber mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show wavy caps, decurrent gills and pale flesh on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

King tuber mushroom

Pleurotus tuber-regium is a tropical fungus whose underground sclerotium is a staple and soup thickener in south-eastern Nigeria. It is also recorded as a food in Tshopo province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Two whole pale tan boletes and two lengthwise halves show pale flesh and yellow-olive pores on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Pallid bolete

The pallid bolete, Imleria pallida, is a pale-capped wild bolete of oak woods in eastern North America. It is listed as edible, but its identity and its name are not settled.

Mushrooms

Marasmius confertus

Marasmius confertus is a saprotrophic agaric recorded as a food mushroom in the Tshopo province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Preparation and identity are not established in the sources.

Orange sulfur shelf mushrooms with wavy yellow margins and two cut halves rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Sulfur shelf

Laetiporus sulphureus, sulfur shelf or chicken of the woods, is a yellow-pored bracket fungus of hardwoods in Europe and North America that is eaten young and cooked, with reported adverse reactions.

Two whole white mushrooms, one showing pinkish-brown gills, and one lengthwise half showing solid white flesh rest on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Agaricus urinascens

Agaricus urinascens is a large European grassland mushroom recorded as a food species. The catalogue flags its historical species boundaries and cadmium accumulation for review.

Two whole cream-coloured mushrooms and two longitudinal halves show white flesh, gills, slender stems and soil-stained volval bases against a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Large tropical Caesar mushroom

Amanita princeps, the head man slender Caesar, is a mycorrhizal fungus of tropical China and Southeast Asia that is eaten and sold locally, but the sources read advise against eating it and confuse it with the deadly death cap.

Two whole cream fan-shaped mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display pale flesh and honeycomb pores on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Favolus pseudoprinceps

Favolus pseudoprinceps is a wood-decay polypore from the Neotropics, with a Brazilian food-use record. The sources do not establish a standard food-safety assessment for it.

Two whole brown funnel-shaped mushrooms and two longitudinal halves display branching underside ridges and pale flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Cantharellus congolensis

Cantharellus congolensis is an ectomycorrhizal chanterelle of sub-Saharan Africa, eaten in the Democratic Republic of the Congo under local names. Its edibility rests on food-use surveys, not on toxicity tests.

Two whole grey-brown mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show cream gills and pale stem flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Northern milkcap

Lactarius trivialis, the northern milkcap, is a Russulaceae mushroom of Scandinavia and northern Europe, traditionally processed by salting and treated in Nordic guides as edible only after a parboiling step.

Three whole reddish-brown warty truffles and a cut half with a pale veined interior rest on a warm ivory surface.
Mushrooms

Asian black truffle relative

Tuber pseudohimalayense is a wild black truffle from Yunnan, China, listed as edible in a Chinese species catalogue. No independent assessment of its culinary use or safety is available.

Two whole cream mushrooms and two lengthwise halves show wavy caps, descending gills and pale flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Ringed tropical sawgill

Lentinus sajor-caju, the ringed tropical sawgill, is a wood-decaying fungus with a ring on its stem. A 2026 Chinese species catalogue lists it as edible, but the culinary tradition is not established.

Two whole yellow knight mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display brown-yellow caps, yellow gills and pale flesh on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Yellow knight

Tricholoma equestre, the yellow knight, is a yellow ectomycorrhizal fungus of pine woods whose long market history in Europe is overshadowed by serious rhabdomyolysis poisonings, so the sources read do not support eating it.

Three whole brown funnel-shaped mushrooms and two lengthwise halves display pale flesh and forked underside ridges on a warm ivory background.
Mushrooms

Cantharellus isabellinus

Cantharellus isabellinus, the African chanterelle, is a rainforest mycorrhizal fungus of tropical Africa that the catalogue lists in an edible-species inventory, with some regional records still needing confirmation.

Mushrooms

Nacuma

Crepidotus palmarum is a wood-dwelling fungus documented as food in Pauna, Boyacá, where local names include nacuma and orejas blancas; cultivation has also been studied.